Take Home Exercise 2

Published

December 11, 2023

Modified

December 18, 2023

Overview

This study focuses on analyzing weekday morning peak bus commuter flows (6 AM to 9 AM) in Singapore, aiming to understand travel patterns and behaviors during these crucial hours. By examining spatial interactions among various locales, the study seeks to uncover key trends in urban mobility and commuter preferences.

Getting started

  • tidyverse for importing, integrating, wrangling and visualising data.

  • sf for importing, integrating, processing and transforming geospatial data.

  • sp for spatial data

  • DT for working with HTTP organised by HTTP verbs.

  • stplanr for transport planning and analysis

  • reshape2 for melt function

  • ggpubr for creating publication quality statistical graphics.

  • tmap for plotting cartographicquality thematic maps.

  • performance for computing model comparison matrices such as rmse.

  • httr for working with HTTP

  • corrplot for correlation matrix

pacman::p_load(tidyverse, sf, sp,DT,stplanr,reshape2,ggpubr,
               tmap,performance,httr,corrplot)

Preparing the Flow Data

Importing the OD data

odbus <- read_csv("data/aspatial/origin_destination_bus_202310.csv")
Rows: 5694297 Columns: 7
── Column specification ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Delimiter: ","
chr (5): YEAR_MONTH, DAY_TYPE, PT_TYPE, ORIGIN_PT_CODE, DESTINATION_PT_CODE
dbl (2): TIME_PER_HOUR, TOTAL_TRIPS

ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data.
ℹ Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
glimpse(odbus)
Rows: 5,694,297
Columns: 7
$ YEAR_MONTH          <chr> "2023-10", "2023-10", "2023-10", "2023-10", "2023-…
$ DAY_TYPE            <chr> "WEEKENDS/HOLIDAY", "WEEKDAY", "WEEKENDS/HOLIDAY",…
$ TIME_PER_HOUR       <dbl> 16, 16, 14, 14, 17, 17, 17, 7, 14, 14, 10, 20, 20,…
$ PT_TYPE             <chr> "BUS", "BUS", "BUS", "BUS", "BUS", "BUS", "BUS", "…
$ ORIGIN_PT_CODE      <chr> "04168", "04168", "80119", "80119", "44069", "2028…
$ DESTINATION_PT_CODE <chr> "10051", "10051", "90079", "90079", "17229", "2014…
$ TOTAL_TRIPS         <dbl> 3, 5, 3, 5, 4, 1, 24, 2, 1, 7, 3, 2, 5, 1, 1, 1, 1…
summary(odbus)
  YEAR_MONTH          DAY_TYPE         TIME_PER_HOUR     PT_TYPE         
 Length:5694297     Length:5694297     Min.   : 0.00   Length:5694297    
 Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.:10.00   Class :character  
 Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median :14.00   Mode  :character  
                                       Mean   :14.04                     
                                       3rd Qu.:18.00                     
                                       Max.   :23.00                     
 ORIGIN_PT_CODE     DESTINATION_PT_CODE  TOTAL_TRIPS      
 Length:5694297     Length:5694297      Min.   :    1.00  
 Class :character   Class :character    1st Qu.:    2.00  
 Mode  :character   Mode  :character    Median :    4.00  
                                        Mean   :   20.76  
                                        3rd Qu.:   12.00  
                                        Max.   :36668.00  
# check for NA values
sum(is.na(odbus))
[1] 0
sapply(odbus, function(x) sum(is.na(x)))
         YEAR_MONTH            DAY_TYPE       TIME_PER_HOUR             PT_TYPE 
                  0                   0                   0                   0 
     ORIGIN_PT_CODE DESTINATION_PT_CODE         TOTAL_TRIPS 
                  0                   0                   0 
# convert ORIGIN_PT_CODE and DESTINATION_PT_CODE columns)
odbus$ORIGIN_PT_CODE <-
as.factor(odbus$ORIGIN_PT_CODE)
odbus$DESTINATION_PT_CODE <-
as.factor(odbus$DESTINATION_PT_CODE)

Data Aggregation

I focus on aggregating weekday trip data between 6 and 9 AM at each origin-destination pair, summing up the total trips to analyze commuting patterns during morning peak hours.

# Aggregate data for between 6 and 9 AM 
origin6_9wdm <- odbus %>%
  filter(DAY_TYPE == "WEEKDAY") %>%
  filter(TIME_PER_HOUR >= 6 & TIME_PER_HOUR <= 9) %>%
  group_by(ORIGIN_PT_CODE, DESTINATION_PT_CODE) %>%
  summarise(TRIPS = sum(TOTAL_TRIPS))
`summarise()` has grouped output by 'ORIGIN_PT_CODE'. You can override using
the `.groups` argument.
head(origin6_9wdm)
# A tibble: 6 × 3
# Groups:   ORIGIN_PT_CODE [1]
  ORIGIN_PT_CODE DESTINATION_PT_CODE TRIPS
  <fct>          <fct>               <dbl>
1 01012          01112                 290
2 01012          01113                 118
3 01012          01121                  77
4 01012          01211                 118
5 01012          01311                 165
6 01012          07371                  14

Save output in rds for later use

write_rds(origin6_9wdm, "data/rds/origin6_9wdm.rds") 

Import rds file in R

origin6_9wdm <- read_rds("data/rds/origin6_9wdm.rds") 

Prepare for Geospatial Analysis

Map the bus stop codes to their geographical locations (latitude and longitude) by joining data with another dataset that contains these geographical coordinates.

below 3 data will be used:

  • Bus Stop Location (Last updated Jul 2023) from LTADataMall (Last updated Jul 2023)

  • Master Plan 2019 Subzone Boundary (No Sea) from Data.gov.sg updated on December 23, 2019

  • hexagon, a hexagon layer of 375m (this distance is the perpendicular distance between the centre of the hexagon and its edges.)

busstop <- st_read(dsn = "data/geospatial",
                   layer = "BusStop") %>%
  st_transform(crs = 3414)
Reading layer `BusStop' from data source 
  `C:\kekekay\ISSS624\Take-home_Ex2\data\geospatial' using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 5161 features and 3 fields
Geometry type: POINT
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 3970.122 ymin: 26482.1 xmax: 48284.56 ymax: 52983.82
Projected CRS: SVY21
mpsz <- st_read(dsn = "data/geospatial",
                   layer = "MPSZ-2019") %>%
  st_transform(crs = 3414)
Reading layer `MPSZ-2019' from data source 
  `C:\kekekay\ISSS624\Take-home_Ex2\data\geospatial' using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 332 features and 6 fields
Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 103.6057 ymin: 1.158699 xmax: 104.0885 ymax: 1.470775
Geodetic CRS:  WGS 84

write mpsz sf tibble data frame into an rds file and import in R enviroment

mpsz <- write_rds(mpsz, "data/rds/mpsz.rds")

mpsz <- read_rds("data/rds/mpsz.rds")
glimpse(busstop)
Rows: 5,161
Columns: 4
$ BUS_STOP_N <chr> "22069", "32071", "44331", "96081", "11561", "66191", "2338…
$ BUS_ROOF_N <chr> "B06", "B23", "B01", "B05", "B05", "B03", "B02A", "B02", "B…
$ LOC_DESC   <chr> "OPP CEVA LOGISTICS", "AFT TRACK 13", "BLK 239", "GRACE IND…
$ geometry   <POINT [m]> POINT (13576.31 32883.65), POINT (13228.59 44206.38),…
glimpse(mpsz)
Rows: 332
Columns: 7
$ SUBZONE_N  <chr> "MARINA EAST", "INSTITUTION HILL", "ROBERTSON QUAY", "JURON…
$ SUBZONE_C  <chr> "MESZ01", "RVSZ05", "SRSZ01", "WISZ01", "MUSZ02", "MPSZ05",…
$ PLN_AREA_N <chr> "MARINA EAST", "RIVER VALLEY", "SINGAPORE RIVER", "WESTERN …
$ PLN_AREA_C <chr> "ME", "RV", "SR", "WI", "MU", "MP", "WI", "WI", "SI", "SI",…
$ REGION_N   <chr> "CENTRAL REGION", "CENTRAL REGION", "CENTRAL REGION", "WEST…
$ REGION_C   <chr> "CR", "CR", "CR", "WR", "CR", "CR", "WR", "WR", "CR", "CR",…
$ geometry   <MULTIPOLYGON [m]> MULTIPOLYGON (((33222.98 29..., MULTIPOLYGON (…

Geospatial data wrangling

Combining Busstop and mpsz

create busstop_mpsz by intersecting bus stop locations with Master Plan Subzone Boundaries. This step identifies the subzone each bus stop is located in.

busstop_mpsz <- st_intersection(busstop, mpsz) %>%
  select(BUS_STOP_N, SUBZONE_C) 
Warning: attribute variables are assumed to be spatially constant throughout
all geometries
write_rds(busstop_mpsz, "data/rds/busstop_mpsz.rds")  

Create Analytical Hexagons

Create a hexagonal grid to represent Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZs) and add ID to each hexagon:

# cell size of layer of 375m
area_honeycomb_grid = st_make_grid(busstop_mpsz, c(750, 750), what = "polygons", square = FALSE, crs = 3414)

# To sf and add grid ID
honeycomb_grid_sf = st_sf(area_honeycomb_grid)
st_write(honeycomb_grid_sf, "data/geospatial/hexagon.shp",append=TRUE)
Updating layer `hexagon' to data source `data/geospatial/hexagon.shp' using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Updating existing layer hexagon
Writing 2299 features with 0 fields and geometry type Polygon.
hexagon <- st_read(dsn = "data/geospatial",
                   layer = "hexagon") %>%
  st_transform(crs = 3414)
Reading layer `hexagon' from data source 
  `C:\kekekay\ISSS624\Take-home_Ex2\data\geospatial' using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 22990 features and 1 field
Geometry type: POLYGON
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 3220.122 ymin: 26049.09 xmax: 48970.12 ymax: 50947.32
Projected CRS: SVY21 / Singapore TM

Combine Hexagon and Busstop

perform spatial joins to map bus stops to their respective hexagons. This mapping is to analyze data within the spatial framework provided by the hexagons.

od_data <- st_join(busstop_mpsz , hexagon,
            by = c("geometry" = "geometry")) 
hexagon_busstop <- st_join(hexagon, busstop, by = c("FID" = "FID"))

hexagon_busstop <- hexagon_busstop %>%
  drop_na() %>%
  group_by(FID)

write_rds(hexagon_busstop, "data/rds/hexagon_busstop.rds")

Join OD Data with Geospatial Data

associate each bus stop code in your origin-destination (OD) data with its corresponding geographical location from the busstop dataset.

# Join OD data with bus stop geospatial data for both origin and destination
od_data_1 <- left_join(origin6_9wdm , od_data,
            by = c("ORIGIN_PT_CODE" = "BUS_STOP_N")) %>%
  rename(ORIGIN_BS = ORIGIN_PT_CODE,
         ORIGIN_SZ = SUBZONE_C,
         DESTIN_BS = DESTINATION_PT_CODE)
Warning in left_join(origin6_9wdm, od_data, by = c(ORIGIN_PT_CODE = "BUS_STOP_N")): Detected an unexpected many-to-many relationship between `x` and `y`.
ℹ Row 1 of `x` matches multiple rows in `y`.
ℹ Row 6721 of `y` matches multiple rows in `x`.
ℹ If a many-to-many relationship is expected, set `relationship =
  "many-to-many"` to silence this warning.
# to check for duplicating records
duplicate <- od_data_1 %>%
  group_by_all() %>%
  filter(n()>1) %>%
  ungroup()

glimpse(duplicate)
Rows: 2,165,308
Columns: 6
$ ORIGIN_BS <chr> "01012", "01012", "01012", "01012", "01012", "01012", "01012…
$ DESTIN_BS <fct> 01112, 01112, 01112, 01112, 01112, 01112, 01112, 01112, 0111…
$ TRIPS     <dbl> 290, 290, 290, 290, 290, 290, 290, 290, 290, 118, 118, 118, …
$ ORIGIN_SZ <chr> "RCSZ10", "RCSZ10", "RCSZ10", "RCSZ10", "RCSZ10", "RCSZ10", …
$ FID       <dbl> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, …
$ geometry  <POINT [m]> POINT (30140.8 31031.95), POINT (30140.8 31031.95), PO…

only retain unique values

od_data_1 <- unique(od_data_1)

check duplicate again, it should become empty now

duplicate <- od_data_1 %>%
  group_by_all() %>%
  filter(n()>1) %>%
  ungroup()
glimpse(duplicate)
Rows: 0
Columns: 6
$ ORIGIN_BS <chr> 
$ DESTIN_BS <fct> 
$ TRIPS     <dbl> 
$ ORIGIN_SZ <chr> 
$ FID       <dbl> 
$ geometry  <GEOMETRY [m]> 

do the same for destination

od_data_2 <- left_join(od_data_1 , od_data,
            by = c("DESTIN_BS" = "BUS_STOP_N")) 
Warning in left_join(od_data_1, od_data, by = c(DESTIN_BS = "BUS_STOP_N")): Detected an unexpected many-to-many relationship between `x` and `y`.
ℹ Row 1 of `x` matches multiple rows in `y`.
ℹ Row 6711 of `y` matches multiple rows in `x`.
ℹ If a many-to-many relationship is expected, set `relationship =
  "many-to-many"` to silence this warning.
duplicate <- od_data_2 %>%
  group_by_all() %>%
  filter(n()>1) %>%
  ungroup()

od_data_2 <- unique(od_data_2)

od_data_2 <- od_data_2 %>%
  drop_na() %>%
  group_by(FID.x, FID.y) %>%
  summarise(MORNING_PEAK = sum(TRIPS))
`summarise()` has grouped output by 'FID.x'. You can override using the
`.groups` argument.
write_rds(od_data_2, "data/rds/od_data_2.rds")
od_data_2 <- read_rds("data/rds/od_data_2.rds")

Visualising Spatial Interaction

Visualizing spatial interactions using desire lines, a concept in transport planning that represents the movement of commuters between two points.

prepare a desire line by using stplanr package

Removing intra-zonal flows

od_data_3 <- od_data_2[od_data_2$FID.x!=od_data_2$FID.y,]

Creating desire lines

flowLine <- od2line(flow = od_data_3, 
                    zones = hexagon,
                    zone_code = "FID")
Creating centroids representing desire line start and end points.

Visualizing the desired lines

tmap_mode("plot")
tmap mode set to plotting
tmap_options(check.and.fix = TRUE)
tm_shape(mpsz) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(hexagon_busstop) +
  tm_polygons() +
flowLine %>%  
tm_shape() +
  tm_lines(lwd = "MORNING_PEAK",
           style = "quantile",
           scale = c(0.1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10),
           n = 6,
           alpha = 0.3)
Warning: The shape mpsz is invalid. See sf::st_is_valid
Warning in g$scale * (x/maxW): longer object length is not a multiple of
shorter object length

Thicker lines indicate higher volumes of commuters, highlighting major transit corridors or popular commuter routes. Below map filters to show only flows with MORNING_PEAK values above 5000, focusing on the most significant commuter movements.

tmap_mode("view")
tmap mode set to interactive viewing
tm_shape(mpsz) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(hexagon_busstop) +
  tm_polygons() +
flowLine %>%  
  filter(MORNING_PEAK >= 5000) %>%
tm_shape() +
  tm_lines(lwd = "MORNING_PEAK",
           style = "quantile",
           scale = c(0.1, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10),
           n = 6,
           alpha = 0.3) + tm_dots() + tm_view(set.zoom.limits = c(11,14))
Warning: The shape mpsz is invalid (after reprojection). See sf::st_is_valid
Warning in g$scale * (x/maxW): longer object length is not a multiple of
shorter object length
Legend for line widths not available in view mode.

Propulsive and attractiveness variables

To perform our modelling, we need to identify the propulsiveness and attractiveness variables we will use for our model.

As our data will be based on real-world data, Passenger Volume By Origin Destination Bus Stops from LTA DataMall via API, we can think of possible factors based on our real-world experience.

As we are interested in the factors that influence weekday morning 6-9am peak period bus commuting patterns, we will consider the following variables.

Attractiveness:

VARIABLE NAME DATA SOURCE DESCRIPTION USAGE
BUS_STOP_COUNT Bus Stop Location from LTA DataMall commuters travel from bus stop to destination gauge the density of bus stops, which might influence commuter decisions on where to alight or board.
TRAIN_EXITS_COUNT Train Station Exit Point from LTA DataMall  if there is any potential transition from train station to busstop understanding multimodal transport behavior, especially in urban areas where trains and buses are commonly used in tandem.
HDB_COUNT hdb.csv aspatial data provided by Prof. Kam the number of Housing Development Board (HDB) units or buildings in the vicinity of a bus stop understanding how residential patterns affect bus commuting, with areas having more HDB units likely seeing higher bus usage.
BUSINESS_COUNT business.shp geospatial data provided by Prof. Kam Counts the number of business establishments near a bus stop Indicates areas of commercial activity which are likely destinations for commuters, influencing bus stop attractiveness.
RETAIL_COUNT Retails.shp geospatial data provided by Prof. Kam count of retail outlets in the vicinity of a bus stop indicator of retail activity which can be a major destination for commuters, especially in urban settings
business <- st_read(dsn = "data/geospatial",
                   layer = "Business") %>%
  st_transform(crs = 3414)
Reading layer `Business' from data source 
  `C:\kekekay\ISSS624\Take-home_Ex2\data\geospatial' using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 6550 features and 3 fields
Geometry type: POINT
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 3669.148 ymin: 25408.41 xmax: 47034.83 ymax: 50148.54
Projected CRS: SVY21 / Singapore TM
hexagon_busstop$`BUSINESS_COUNT`<- lengths(
  st_intersects(
    hexagon_busstop, business))

summary(hexagon_busstop$BUSINESS_COUNT)
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
  0.000   0.000   1.000   7.477   7.000  97.000 
tmap_mode("plot")
tmap mode set to plotting
tm_shape(mpsz) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(hexagon_busstop) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(business) +
  tm_dots() 
Warning: The shape mpsz is invalid. See sf::st_is_valid

Business Count

Retails <- st_read(dsn = "data/geospatial",
                   layer = "Retails") %>%
  st_transform(crs = 3414)
Reading layer `Retails' from data source 
  `C:\kekekay\ISSS624\Take-home_Ex2\data\geospatial' using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 37635 features and 3 fields
Geometry type: POINT
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 4737.982 ymin: 25171.88 xmax: 48265.04 ymax: 50135.28
Projected CRS: SVY21 / Singapore TM
hexagon_busstop$`RETAIL_COUNT`<- lengths(
  st_intersects(
    hexagon_busstop, Retails))

summary(hexagon_busstop$RETAIL_COUNT)
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
   0.00    4.00   17.00   61.04   59.00 1678.00 
tmap_mode("plot")
tmap mode set to plotting
tm_shape(mpsz) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(hexagon_busstop) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(Retails) +
  tm_dots() 
Warning: The shape mpsz is invalid. See sf::st_is_valid

Retails count

train <- st_read(dsn = "data/geospatial",
                   layer = "Train_Station_Exit_Layer") %>%
  st_transform(crs = 3414)
Reading layer `Train_Station_Exit_Layer' from data source 
  `C:\kekekay\ISSS624\Take-home_Ex2\data\geospatial' using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 565 features and 2 fields
Geometry type: POINT
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 6134.086 ymin: 27499.7 xmax: 45356.36 ymax: 47865.92
Projected CRS: SVY21
hexagon_busstop$`TRAIN_COUNT`<- lengths(
  st_intersects(
    hexagon_busstop, train))

summary(hexagon_busstop$TRAIN_COUNT)
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
 0.0000  0.0000  0.0000  0.9643  1.0000 13.0000 
tmap_mode("plot")
tmap mode set to plotting
tm_shape(mpsz) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(hexagon_busstop) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(train) +
  tm_dots() 
Warning: The shape mpsz is invalid. See sf::st_is_valid

Train Station Exit Count

bus <- st_read(dsn = "data/geospatial",
                   layer = "BusStop") %>%
  st_transform(crs = 3414)
Reading layer `BusStop' from data source 
  `C:\kekekay\ISSS624\Take-home_Ex2\data\geospatial' using driver `ESRI Shapefile'
Simple feature collection with 5161 features and 3 fields
Geometry type: POINT
Dimension:     XY
Bounding box:  xmin: 3970.122 ymin: 26482.1 xmax: 48284.56 ymax: 52983.82
Projected CRS: SVY21
hexagon_busstop$`BUS_STOP_COUNT`<- lengths(
  st_intersects(
    hexagon_busstop, busstop))

summary(hexagon_busstop$BUS_STOP_COUNT)
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
  1.000   6.000   8.000   8.465  11.000  19.000 
tmap_mode("plot")
tmap mode set to plotting
tm_shape(mpsz) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(hexagon_busstop) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(bus) +
  tm_dots() 
Warning: The shape mpsz is invalid. See sf::st_is_valid

HDB Count

data <- read.csv("data/aspatial/hdb.csv")
coordinates <- data[, c("lng", "lat")]  
spatial_points <- SpatialPointsDataFrame(coordinates, data)
# Create a SpatialPoints object
coordinates <- data[, c("lng", "lat")]
spatial_points <- SpatialPoints(coords = coordinates)

# Define the current CRS (WGS84 - EPSG:4326)
proj4string(spatial_points) <- CRS("+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84")

# Convert SpatialPoints to an sf object
sf_points <- st_as_sf(spatial_points)

# Define EPSG:3414 CRS
epsg_3414_crs <- st_crs(3414)

# Transform the sf object to EPSG:3414
sf_points_3414 <- st_transform(sf_points, crs = epsg_3414_crs)

# Convert back to SpatialPoints
spatial_points_3414 <- as(sf_points_3414, "Spatial")
tmap_mode("plot")
tmap mode set to plotting
tm_shape(mpsz) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(hexagon_busstop) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(spatial_points_3414) +
  tm_dots()
Warning: The shape mpsz is invalid. See sf::st_is_valid

sf_spatial_points_3414 <- st_as_sf(spatial_points_3414)

intersections <- st_intersects(hexagon_busstop, sf_spatial_points_3414)

hexagon_busstop$HDB_COUNT <- lengths(intersections)

summary(hexagon_busstop$HDB_COUNT)
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
   0.00    0.00   12.00   23.02   41.00  103.00 
Propulsiveness:
Singapore Land Authority (SLA) supports an online geocoding service called OneMap API. The Search API looks up the address data or 6-digit postal code for an entered value. It then returns both latitude, longitude and x,y coordinates of the searched location.
VARIABLE NAME DATA SOURCE DESCRIPTION
BUS_ALIGHT_COUNT Passenger Volume By Origin Destination Bus Stops from LTA DataMall via API Commuters who alight from a bus stop within can transfer to another bus to reach
TRAIN_ALIGHT_COUNT Passenger Volume By Train Stations from LTA DataMall via API Commuters who alight from a train station can transfer to a bus to reach their final destination
HDB_RESIDENT_COUNT hdb.csv aspatial data provided by Prof. Kam Residents in an area are potential bus commuters

The code chunks below will perform geocoding using SLA OneMap API.

2 tibble data.frames will be created if the geocoding process completed successfully. They are called found and not_found. found contains all records that are geocoded correctly and not_found contains postal that failed to be geocoded.

Lastly, the found data table will joined with the initial csv data table by using a unique identifier (i.e. POSTAL) common to both data tables. The output data table will then save as an csv file called found.

url<-"https://www.onemap.gov.sg/api/common/elastic/search"

csv<-read_csv("data/aspatial/hdb.csv")
New names:
Rows: 12442 Columns: 37
── Column specification
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Delimiter: "," chr
(18): blk_no, street, residential, commercial, market_hawker, miscellane... dbl
(19): ...1, max_floor_lvl, year_completed, total_dwelling_units, 1room_s...
ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data. ℹ
Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
• `` -> `...1`
postcodes<-csv$`postal`

found<-data.frame()
not_found<-data.frame()

for(postcode in postcodes){
  query<-list('searchVal'=postcode,'returnGeom'='Y','getAddrDetails'='Y','pageNum'='1')
  res<- GET(url,query=query)
  
  if((content(res)$found)!=0){
    found<-rbind(found,data.frame(content(res))[4:13])
  } else{
    not_found = data.frame(postcode)
  }
}
merged = merge(csv, found, by.x = 'postal', by.y = 'results.POSTAL', all = TRUE)
write.csv(merged, file = "data/aspatial/hdbcsv.csv")
write.csv(not_found, file = "data/aspatial/not_found.csv")

transform the merged HDB data into a spatial format (sf) compatible with analysis.

hdbcsv <- read_csv("data/aspatial/hdbcsv.csv") %>%
  rename(latitude = "results.LATITUDE",
         longitude = "results.LONGITUDE",address = "results.ADDRESS") %>%
  select(postal, address, latitude, longitude)
New names:
Rows: 12544 Columns: 47
── Column specification
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Delimiter: "," chr
(23): postal, blk_no, street, residential, commercial, market_hawker, mi... dbl
(24): ...1, ...3, max_floor_lvl, year_completed, total_dwelling_units, 1...
ℹ Use `spec()` to retrieve the full column specification for this data. ℹ
Specify the column types or set `show_col_types = FALSE` to quiet this message.
• `` -> `...1`
• `...1` -> `...3`
# Identify rows with missing values in "longitude" or "latitude"
missing_rows <- hdbcsv[is.na(hdbcsv$longitude) | is.na(hdbcsv$latitude), ]

# Display the rows with missing values
print(missing_rows)
# A tibble: 79 × 4
   postal address latitude longitude
   <chr>  <chr>      <dbl>     <dbl>
 1 310029 <NA>          NA        NA
 2 310031 <NA>          NA        NA
 3 760102 <NA>          NA        NA
 4 NIL    <NA>          NA        NA
 5 NIL    <NA>          NA        NA
 6 NIL    <NA>          NA        NA
 7 NIL    <NA>          NA        NA
 8 NIL    <NA>          NA        NA
 9 NIL    <NA>          NA        NA
10 NIL    <NA>          NA        NA
# ℹ 69 more rows
# Remove rows with missing values in "longitude" or "latitude"
hdbcsv <- hdbcsv[complete.cases(hdbcsv$longitude, hdbcsv$latitude), ]

hdb_sf <- st_as_sf(hdbcsv, 
                       coords = c("longitude", "latitude"),
                       crs=4326) %>%
  st_transform(crs = 3414)
tmap_options(check.and.fix = TRUE)
tm_shape(mpsz) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(hexagon_busstop) +
  tm_polygons() +
tm_shape(hdb_sf) +
  tm_dots()
Warning: The shape mpsz is invalid. See sf::st_is_valid

number of hdbs located inside the hexagon layer.

hexagon_busstop$`HDB_COUNT`<- lengths(
  st_intersects(
    hexagon_busstop, hdb_sf))
summary(hexagon_busstop$`HDB_COUNT`)
   Min. 1st Qu.  Median    Mean 3rd Qu.    Max. 
   0.00    0.00   12.00   23.12   41.00  103.00 
Note

We can see there might be 0 values in HDB_COUNT field. If log() is going to use to transform this field, additional step is required to ensure that all 0 will be replaced with a value between 0 and 1 but not 0 neither 1.

join the hexagonal grid data with flow data (OD data) to add context like retail, business, finance, train station, HDB counts, and bus stop counts to each flow record.

hexagon_busstop_tidy <- hexagon_busstop %>%
  st_drop_geometry() %>%
  select(FID, BUSINESS_COUNT, RETAIL_COUNT,TRAIN_COUNT,HDB_COUNT,BUS_STOP_COUNT)

flow_data <- od_data_2 %>%
  left_join(hexagon_busstop_tidy,
            by = c("FID.y" = "FID"))
Warning in left_join(., hexagon_busstop_tidy, by = c(FID.y = "FID")): Detected an unexpected many-to-many relationship between `x` and `y`.
ℹ Row 1 of `x` matches multiple rows in `y`.
ℹ Row 6 of `y` matches multiple rows in `x`.
ℹ If a many-to-many relationship is expected, set `relationship =
  "many-to-many"` to silence this warning.
summary(flow_data)
     FID.x          FID.y       MORNING_PEAK     BUSINESS_COUNT 
 Min.   :  20   Min.   :  20   Min.   :    1.0   Min.   : 0.00  
 1st Qu.:1012   1st Qu.:1013   1st Qu.:    8.0   1st Qu.: 0.00  
 Median :1302   Median :1319   Median :   42.0   Median : 1.00  
 Mean   :1294   Mean   :1292   Mean   :  450.8   Mean   : 7.73  
 3rd Qu.:1567   3rd Qu.:1567   3rd Qu.:  199.0   3rd Qu.: 7.00  
 Max.   :2266   Max.   :2266   Max.   :77433.0   Max.   :97.00  
  RETAIL_COUNT     TRAIN_COUNT      HDB_COUNT      BUS_STOP_COUNT  
 Min.   :   0.0   Min.   : 0.00   Min.   :  0.00   Min.   : 1.000  
 1st Qu.:  11.0   1st Qu.: 0.00   1st Qu.:  0.00   1st Qu.: 7.000  
 Median :  37.0   Median : 0.00   Median : 19.00   Median :10.000  
 Mean   : 114.8   Mean   : 1.68   Mean   : 25.21   Mean   : 9.591  
 3rd Qu.: 131.0   3rd Qu.: 3.00   3rd Qu.: 42.00   3rd Qu.:12.000  
 Max.   :1678.0   Max.   :13.00   Max.   :103.00   Max.   :19.000  

replace zero counts in variables with a small non-zero value (0.99)

flow_data$RETAIL_COUNT <- ifelse(
  flow_data$RETAIL_COUNT == 0,
  0.99, flow_data$RETAIL_COUNT)
flow_data$BUSINESS_COUNT <- ifelse(
  flow_data$BUSINESS_COUNT == 0,
  0.99, flow_data$BUSINESS_COUNT)

flow_data$TRAIN_COUNT <- ifelse(
  flow_data$TRAIN_COUNT == 0,
  0.99, flow_data$TRAIN_COUNT)
flow_data$HDB_COUNT <- ifelse(
  flow_data$HDB_COUNT == 0,
  0.99, flow_data$HDB_COUNT)
flow_data$BUS_STOP_COUNT <- ifelse(
  flow_data$BUS_STOP_COUNT == 0,
  0.99, flow_data$BUS_STOP_COUNT)
summary(flow_data)
     FID.x          FID.y       MORNING_PEAK     BUSINESS_COUNT  
 Min.   :  20   Min.   :  20   Min.   :    1.0   Min.   : 0.990  
 1st Qu.:1012   1st Qu.:1013   1st Qu.:    8.0   1st Qu.: 0.990  
 Median :1302   Median :1319   Median :   42.0   Median : 1.000  
 Mean   :1294   Mean   :1292   Mean   :  450.8   Mean   : 8.157  
 3rd Qu.:1567   3rd Qu.:1567   3rd Qu.:  199.0   3rd Qu.: 7.000  
 Max.   :2266   Max.   :2266   Max.   :77433.0   Max.   :97.000  
  RETAIL_COUNT      TRAIN_COUNT       HDB_COUNT      BUS_STOP_COUNT  
 Min.   :   0.99   Min.   : 0.990   Min.   :  0.99   Min.   : 1.000  
 1st Qu.:  11.00   1st Qu.: 0.990   1st Qu.:  0.99   1st Qu.: 7.000  
 Median :  37.00   Median : 0.990   Median : 19.00   Median :10.000  
 Mean   : 114.86   Mean   : 2.239   Mean   : 25.48   Mean   : 9.591  
 3rd Qu.: 131.00   3rd Qu.: 3.000   3rd Qu.: 42.00   3rd Qu.:12.000  
 Max.   :1678.00   Max.   :13.000   Max.   :103.00   Max.   :19.000  

ensure uniqueness in dataset by removing duplicates.

duplicate <- flow_data %>%
  group_by_all() %>%
  filter(n()>1) %>%
  ungroup()

flow_data <- unique(flow_data)

summary(flow_data)
     FID.x          FID.y       MORNING_PEAK     BUSINESS_COUNT  
 Min.   :  20   Min.   :  20   Min.   :    1.0   Min.   : 0.990  
 1st Qu.: 994   1st Qu.:1003   1st Qu.:    7.0   1st Qu.: 0.990  
 Median :1297   Median :1295   Median :   38.0   Median : 1.000  
 Mean   :1281   Mean   :1279   Mean   :  386.9   Mean   : 7.731  
 3rd Qu.:1563   3rd Qu.:1548   3rd Qu.:  180.0   3rd Qu.: 6.000  
 Max.   :2266   Max.   :2266   Max.   :77433.0   Max.   :97.000  
  RETAIL_COUNT      TRAIN_COUNT       HDB_COUNT      BUS_STOP_COUNT 
 Min.   :   0.99   Min.   : 0.990   Min.   :  0.99   Min.   : 1.00  
 1st Qu.:   7.00   1st Qu.: 0.990   1st Qu.:  0.99   1st Qu.: 5.00  
 Median :  29.00   Median : 0.990   Median : 10.00   Median : 7.00  
 Mean   :  94.08   Mean   : 1.976   Mean   : 19.86   Mean   : 7.79  
 3rd Qu.: 102.00   3rd Qu.: 2.000   3rd Qu.: 34.00   3rd Qu.:10.00  
 Max.   :1678.00   Max.   :13.000   Max.   :103.00   Max.   :19.00  
write_rds(flow_data,
          "data/rds/flow_data_tidy.rds")

Computing Distance Matrix

Converting from sf data.table to SpatialPolygonsDataFrame

In spatial interaction, a distance matrix is a table that shows the distance between pairs of locations.

First as.Spatial() will be used to convert mpsz from sf tibble data frame to SpatialPolygonsDataFrame of sp object as shown in the code chunk below.

hexagon_busstop_sp <- as(hexagon_busstop, "Spatial")
hexagon_busstop_sp
class       : SpatialPolygonsDataFrame 
features    : 5151 
extent      : 3595.122, 48595.12, 26049.09, 50297.8  (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)
crs         : +proj=tmerc +lat_0=1.36666666666667 +lon_0=103.833333333333 +k=1 +x_0=28001.642 +y_0=38744.572 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0 +units=m +no_defs 
variables   : 9
names       :  FID, BUS_STOP_N, BUS_ROOF_N,       LOC_DESC, BUSINESS_COUNT, RETAIL_COUNT, TRAIN_COUNT, BUS_STOP_COUNT, HDB_COUNT 
min values  :   20,      01012,        B01,  18 WOODSVILLE,              0,            0,           0,              1,         0 
max values  : 2266,      99189,        UNK, ZUELLIG PHARMA,             97,         1678,          13,             19,       103 

Computing the distance matrix

Next, spDists() of sp package will be used to compute the Euclidean distance between the centroids of the planning subzones.

dist <- spDists(hexagon_busstop_sp, 
                longlat = FALSE)
head(dist, n=c(10, 10))
          [,1]     [,2]     [,3]     [,4]     [,5]     [,6]     [,7]     [,8]
 [1,]    0.000  750.000 3269.174 3269.174 1500.000 2704.163 2704.163 2704.163
 [2,]  750.000    0.000 2598.076 2598.076  750.000 1984.313 1984.313 1984.313
 [3,] 3269.174 2598.076    0.000    0.000 1984.313  750.000  750.000  750.000
 [4,] 3269.174 2598.076    0.000    0.000 1984.313  750.000  750.000  750.000
 [5,] 1500.000  750.000 1984.313 1984.313    0.000 1299.038 1299.038 1299.038
 [6,] 2704.163 1984.313  750.000  750.000 1299.038    0.000    0.000    0.000
 [7,] 2704.163 1984.313  750.000  750.000 1299.038    0.000    0.000    0.000
 [8,] 2704.163 1984.313  750.000  750.000 1299.038    0.000    0.000    0.000
 [9,] 2704.163 1984.313  750.000  750.000 1299.038    0.000    0.000    0.000
[10,] 3968.627 3269.174  750.000  750.000 2598.076 1299.038 1299.038 1299.038
          [,9]    [,10]
 [1,] 2704.163 3968.627
 [2,] 1984.313 3269.174
 [3,]  750.000  750.000
 [4,]  750.000  750.000
 [5,] 1299.038 2598.076
 [6,]    0.000 1299.038
 [7,]    0.000 1299.038
 [8,]    0.000 1299.038
 [9,]    0.000 1299.038
[10,] 1299.038    0.000
sz_names <- hexagon_busstop$FID
colnames(dist) <- paste0(sz_names)
rownames(dist) <- paste0(sz_names)

pivot the distance matrix into a long table by using the row and column subzone codes 

distPair <- melt(dist) %>%
  rename(dist = value)

head(distPair, 10)
   Var1 Var2     dist
1    20   20    0.000
2    39   20  750.000
3    41   20 3269.174
4    41   20 3269.174
5    59   20 1500.000
6    60   20 2704.163
7    60   20 2704.163
8    60   20 2704.163
9    60   20 2704.163
10   61   20 3968.627

select and find out the minimum value of the distance by using summary() to update the intra-zonal distances

distPair %>%
  filter(dist > 0) %>%
  summary()
      Var1           Var2           dist      
 Min.   :  20   Min.   :  20   Min.   :  750  
 1st Qu.: 832   1st Qu.: 832   1st Qu.: 7830  
 Median :1244   Median :1244   Median :12617  
 Mean   :1188   Mean   :1188   Mean   :13318  
 3rd Qu.:1551   3rd Qu.:1551   3rd Qu.:17859  
 Max.   :2266   Max.   :2266   Max.   :44680  

the minimum non-zero distance is 750, we will use 200m as our intra-zonal distance

distPair$dist <- ifelse(distPair$dist == 0,
                        200, distPair$dist)
Why use 200m?

Half of the minimum distance of 750m is 375m, any number smaller than 375m and greater than 0 will be acceptable

Save the output

distPair %>%
  summary()
      Var1           Var2           dist      
 Min.   :  20   Min.   :  20   Min.   :  200  
 1st Qu.: 832   1st Qu.: 832   1st Qu.: 7830  
 Median :1244   Median :1244   Median :12617  
 Mean   :1188   Mean   :1188   Mean   :13297  
 3rd Qu.:1551   3rd Qu.:1551   3rd Qu.:17859  
 Max.   :2266   Max.   :2266   Max.   :44680  
distPair <- distPair %>%
  rename(orig = Var1,
         dest = Var2)

Calibrating Spatial Interaction Models

Importing the flow data

head(flow_data, 10)
# A tibble: 10 × 8
# Groups:   FID.x [2]
   FID.x FID.y MORNING_PEAK BUSINESS_COUNT RETAIL_COUNT TRAIN_COUNT HDB_COUNT
   <dbl> <dbl>        <dbl>          <dbl>        <dbl>       <dbl>     <dbl>
 1    20    60            1          50            5           0.99      0.99
 2    20    78            1           3            0.99        0.99      0.99
 3    20   115            4           6            0.99        0.99      0.99
 4    20   139            3          42            3           0.99      0.99
 5    20   158           93          44            2           2         0.99
 6    20   159            1           0.99         0.99        0.99      0.99
 7    39    20            1           0.99         0.99        0.99      0.99
 8    39    60            2          50            5           0.99      0.99
 9    39    77            1           3            0.99        0.99      0.99
10    39    79            2          66            5           0.99      0.99
# ℹ 1 more variable: BUS_STOP_COUNT <int>

Separating intra-flow from passenger volume df

flow_data$FlowNoIntra <- ifelse(
  flow_data$FID.x == flow_data$FID.y, 
  0, flow_data$MORNING_PEAK)
flow_data$offset <- ifelse(
  flow_data$FID.x == flow_data$FID.y, 
  0.000001, 1)

Combining flow data with distance value

flow_data$FID.x <- as.factor(flow_data$FID.x)
flow_data$FID.y <- as.factor(flow_data$FID.y)

combine distance matrix and flow data

flow_data$FID.x <- as.integer(as.character(flow_data$FID.x))
flow_data$FID.y <- as.integer(as.character(flow_data$FID.y))


flow_data1 <- flow_data %>%
  left_join (distPair,
             by = c("FID.x" = "orig",
                    "FID.y" = "dest"))

retain unique values only

duplicate <- flow_data1 %>%
  group_by_all() %>%
  filter(n()>1) %>%
  ungroup()

flow_data1 <- unique(flow_data1)

write_rds(flow_data1, "data/rds/SIM_data.rds")

Calibrating Spatial Interaction Models

Importing the modelling data

SIM_data <- read_rds("data/rds/SIM_data.rds")

Normalisation test by visualising the dependent variable

Check distribution of “trips” by histogram

ggplot(data = SIM_data,
       aes(x = MORNING_PEAK)) +
  geom_histogram()
`stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.

we can see that the distribution is highly skewed and not resemble normal distribution.

Next, let us visualise the relation between the dependent variable and one of the key independent variable in Spatial Interaction Model, namely distance.

ggplot(data = SIM_data,
       aes(x = dist,
           y = MORNING_PEAK)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = lm)
`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'

We can see relationship hardly resemble linear relationship.

Use another scatter plot by using the log transformed version of both variables

ggplot(data = SIM_data,
       aes(x = log(dist),
           y = log(MORNING_PEAK))) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = lm)
`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'

their relationship is more resemble linear relationship

Checking for variables with zero values

ensure that no 0 values in the explanatory variables since Poisson Regression is based of log and log 0 is undefined.

summary(SIM_data)
     FID.x          FID.y       MORNING_PEAK     BUSINESS_COUNT  
 Min.   :  20   Min.   :  20   Min.   :    1.0   Min.   : 0.990  
 1st Qu.: 994   1st Qu.:1003   1st Qu.:    7.0   1st Qu.: 0.990  
 Median :1297   Median :1295   Median :   38.0   Median : 1.000  
 Mean   :1281   Mean   :1279   Mean   :  386.9   Mean   : 7.731  
 3rd Qu.:1563   3rd Qu.:1548   3rd Qu.:  180.0   3rd Qu.: 6.000  
 Max.   :2266   Max.   :2266   Max.   :77433.0   Max.   :97.000  
  RETAIL_COUNT      TRAIN_COUNT       HDB_COUNT      BUS_STOP_COUNT 
 Min.   :   0.99   Min.   : 0.990   Min.   :  0.99   Min.   : 1.00  
 1st Qu.:   7.00   1st Qu.: 0.990   1st Qu.:  0.99   1st Qu.: 5.00  
 Median :  29.00   Median : 0.990   Median : 10.00   Median : 7.00  
 Mean   :  94.08   Mean   : 1.976   Mean   : 19.86   Mean   : 7.79  
 3rd Qu.: 102.00   3rd Qu.: 2.000   3rd Qu.: 34.00   3rd Qu.:10.00  
 Max.   :1678.00   Max.   :13.000   Max.   :103.00   Max.   :19.00  
  FlowNoIntra        offset              dist      
 Min.   :    0   Min.   :0.000001   Min.   :  200  
 1st Qu.:    7   1st Qu.:1.000000   1st Qu.: 2704  
 Median :   37   Median :1.000000   Median : 5408  
 Mean   :  371   Mean   :0.990492   Mean   : 6282  
 3rd Qu.:  173   3rd Qu.:1.000000   3rd Qu.: 8842  
 Max.   :77433   Max.   :1.000000   Max.   :24784  

Make sure both FID.x and FID.y are character

SIM_data$FID.x <- as.character(SIM_data$FID.x)
SIM_data$FID.y <- as.character(SIM_data$FID.y)

Exploratory Data Analysis

Before performing a correlation check in the context of spatial interaction modeling, filtering out intra-zonal flows is necessary. Intra-zonal flows are the movements within the same zone, and they might not be relevant in the relationships and interactions between different zones.

inter_zonal_flow <- SIM_data %>%
  filter(FlowNoIntra > 0)

to check any missing value

sum(is.na(inter_zonal_flow))
[1] 0
summary(inter_zonal_flow)
    FID.x              FID.y            MORNING_PEAK     BUSINESS_COUNT  
 Length:65111       Length:65111       Min.   :    1.0   Min.   : 0.990  
 Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.:    7.0   1st Qu.: 0.990  
 Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median :   38.0   Median : 1.000  
                                       Mean   :  374.5   Mean   : 7.726  
                                       3rd Qu.:  176.0   3rd Qu.: 6.000  
                                       Max.   :77433.0   Max.   :97.000  
  RETAIL_COUNT      TRAIN_COUNT      HDB_COUNT      BUS_STOP_COUNT  
 Min.   :   0.99   Min.   : 0.99   Min.   :  0.99   Min.   : 1.000  
 1st Qu.:   7.00   1st Qu.: 0.99   1st Qu.:  0.99   1st Qu.: 5.000  
 Median :  29.00   Median : 0.99   Median : 10.00   Median : 7.000  
 Mean   :  94.44   Mean   : 1.98   Mean   : 19.86   Mean   : 7.794  
 3rd Qu.: 102.00   3rd Qu.: 2.00   3rd Qu.: 34.00   3rd Qu.:10.000  
 Max.   :1678.00   Max.   :13.00   Max.   :103.00   Max.   :19.000  
  FlowNoIntra          offset       dist      
 Min.   :    1.0   Min.   :1   Min.   :  750  
 1st Qu.:    7.0   1st Qu.:1   1st Qu.: 3000  
 Median :   38.0   Median :1   Median : 5408  
 Mean   :  374.5   Mean   :1   Mean   : 6341  
 3rd Qu.:  176.0   3rd Qu.:1   3rd Qu.: 8842  
 Max.   :77433.0   Max.   :1   Max.   :24784  

Correlation Analysis

plot the correlation matrix using corrplot() at significance level of 0.05

inter_zonal_flow$RETAIL_COUNT<- as.numeric(inter_zonal_flow$RETAIL_COUNT)

inter_zonal_flow$BUSINESS_COUNT<- as.numeric(inter_zonal_flow$BUSINESS_COUNT)

inter_zonal_flow$HDB_COUNT<- as.numeric(inter_zonal_flow$HDB_COUNT)

inter_zonal_flow$TRAIN_COUNT<- as.numeric(inter_zonal_flow$TRAIN_COUNT)


inter_zonal_flow$BUS_STOP_COUNT<- as.numeric(inter_zonal_flow$BUS_STOP_COUNT)   
vars.cor = cor(inter_zonal_flow[,4:9])
corrplot(corr = vars.cor,
    type = "lower",
    method = "square",
    title = "Correlation of model variables",
    addCoef.col = "white",
    number.cex = 0.5,
    number.digits = 2,
    tl.col = "blue",
    tl.cex = 0.5,
    tl.srt = 45,
    sig.level = 0.05,
    insig = "blank")

all variables will be retained

Spatial Interaction Model

1. Unconstrained

The Unconstrained Spatial Interaction Model is the simplest form of SIM. It assumes that the flow of interactions (such as people, goods, or information) between any two locations is independent of flows to/from other locations. This model primarily considers the distance or cost of interaction and the size (or importance) of the locations, but it does not impose any constraints on the total amount of interaction leaving an origin or arriving at a destination.

uncSIM <- glm(formula = MORNING_PEAK ~ 
                  log(RETAIL_COUNT)+
                  log(BUSINESS_COUNT)+
                  log(HDB_COUNT)+
                  log(TRAIN_COUNT)+
                  log(BUS_STOP_COUNT)+
                  log(dist),
              family = poisson(link = "log"),
              data = inter_zonal_flow,
              na.action = na.exclude)
CalcRSquared <- function(observed, estimated){
  r <- cor(observed, estimated)
  R2 <- r^2
  R2
}

Goodness of fit

CalcRSquared(uncSIM$data$MORNING_PEAK, uncSIM$fitted.values)
[1] 0.1885124

2. Origin (Production) Constrained

This model puts a constraint on the total outflow from each origin (also known as the production constraint). It ensures that the total flow of interactions originating from a location equals a predefined value. This model could be useful when the total capacity or potential of each origin is known and needs to be accounted for, such as the number of commuters leaving a residential area.

orcSIM <- glm(formula = MORNING_PEAK ~ 
                  FID.x +
                  log(RETAIL_COUNT)+
                  log(BUSINESS_COUNT)+
                  log(HDB_COUNT)+
                  log(TRAIN_COUNT)+
                  log(BUS_STOP_COUNT)+
                  log(dist) - 1,
              family = poisson(link = "log"),
              data = inter_zonal_flow,
              na.action = na.exclude)
summary(orcSIM)

Call:
glm(formula = MORNING_PEAK ~ FID.x + log(RETAIL_COUNT) + log(BUSINESS_COUNT) + 
    log(HDB_COUNT) + log(TRAIN_COUNT) + log(BUS_STOP_COUNT) + 
    log(dist) - 1, family = poisson(link = "log"), data = inter_zonal_flow, 
    na.action = na.exclude)

Coefficients:
                      Estimate Std. Error   z value Pr(>|z|)    
FID.x100            17.3858072  0.0114444  1519.154   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1000           14.2541038  0.0612382   232.765   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1001           13.2955447  0.0916931   145.000   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1002           15.1408650  0.0273987   552.612   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1003           19.0828232  0.0028235  6758.558   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1004           17.3871838  0.0075270  2309.967   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1009           16.2224771  0.0084413  1921.796   <2e-16 ***
FID.x101            13.1633394  0.0641852   205.084   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1010           14.6030511  0.0173803   840.209   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1011           14.6364125  0.0190162   769.680   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1012           15.6411478  0.0096600  1619.166   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1013           15.4934971  0.0130578  1186.529   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1022           17.8477148  0.0047181  3782.817   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1023           18.0549123  0.0040547  4452.825   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1024           17.2950787  0.0081883  2112.157   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1027           15.0271004  0.0152438   985.785   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1029           13.9987244  0.0284935   491.296   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1030           16.6866282  0.0052855  3157.031   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1032           16.6596352  0.0063659  2617.002   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1039           14.4370706  0.0516180   279.690   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1040           15.7721166  0.0171792   918.094   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1041           18.1361818  0.0037467  4840.523   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1042           17.1831268  0.0064604  2659.768   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1047           15.4279654  0.0110283  1398.939   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1048           16.5422051  0.0058163  2844.092   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1049           17.3854792  0.0040198  4325.010   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1060           18.3097413  0.0039859  4593.648   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1061           18.2361668  0.0038866  4692.041   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1062           16.0399696  0.0119884  1337.961   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1063           11.8962039  0.2672693    44.510   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1065           15.4649321  0.0103565  1493.263   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1066           16.1339894  0.0069480  2322.119   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1067           17.0242563  0.0045453  3745.474   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1068           16.2081205  0.0066318  2443.988   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1070           15.4385249  0.0116676  1323.201   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1077           14.6907587  0.0478835   306.802   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1079           17.4398538  0.0062310  2798.906   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1080           17.4173868  0.0052654  3307.891   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1081           15.8974463  0.0132686  1198.124   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1085           16.3975168  0.0067620  2424.938   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1086           16.0572512  0.0072021  2229.530   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1088           16.6041630  0.0060531  2743.086   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1089           16.4514106  0.0069052  2382.452   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1096           13.8904423  0.0891135   155.874   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1099           18.0383505  0.0042429  4251.429   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1100           15.0165908  0.0396817   378.427   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1101           14.1293466  0.0393976   358.635   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1103           17.3120451  0.0043813  3951.346   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1104           16.8590494  0.0047840  3524.046   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1105           16.4972272  0.0097179  1697.605   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1106           14.5813426  0.0167092   872.653   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1107           15.5152166  0.0103624  1497.263   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1114           11.8285705  0.1889926    62.587   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1115           13.4865768  0.1118259   120.603   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1118           15.5037123  0.0137050  1131.241   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1119           15.8239548  0.0136208  1161.753   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1122           15.5468993  0.0100928  1540.397   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1123           16.2189416  0.0069173  2344.698   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1124           16.6925754  0.0050984  3274.050   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1127           15.6809914  0.0091631  1711.326   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1137           16.8003444  0.0074280  2261.761   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1138           17.7162700  0.0052233  3391.804   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1139           15.8387516  0.0142171  1114.067   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1141           15.9405097  0.0082954  1921.603   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1142           16.4287574  0.0054504  3014.249   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1143           15.3264376  0.0117743  1301.684   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1144           14.9065040  0.0139633  1067.549   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1145           16.3357373  0.0078454  2082.202   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1146           14.5300027  0.0255602   568.462   <2e-16 ***
FID.x115            16.6020996  0.0223373   743.247   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1151           12.1056185  0.1154869   104.822   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1152           15.9971294  0.0119372  1340.113   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1156           17.8003731  0.0042123  4225.764   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1157           15.5093101  0.0135973  1140.615   <2e-16 ***
FID.x116            13.6716621  0.1889948    72.339   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1160           17.5391082  0.0041508  4225.430   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1161           16.8111457  0.0049995  3362.561   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1162           17.5182765  0.0037513  4669.924   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1163           15.6473824  0.0101119  1547.416   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1166           13.8030732  0.0451369   305.805   <2e-16 ***
FID.x117            13.8302007  0.0602257   229.639   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1170           12.6687943  0.0891117   142.168   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1171           17.5388397  0.0061222  2864.787   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1172           15.0978842  0.0206053   732.720   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1175           16.7495550  0.0068958  2428.939   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1176           17.3986123  0.0061730  2818.486   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1179           17.4065634  0.0041031  4242.273   <2e-16 ***
FID.x118            14.5681764  0.0353034   412.657   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1180           16.8036938  0.0044395  3785.016   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1182           13.0382798  0.0375874   346.879   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1183           16.4610469  0.0062888  2617.516   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1185           12.4765042  0.1097844   113.646   <2e-16 ***
FID.x119            14.1623892  0.0479923   295.097   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1191           14.0583412  0.0331470   424.120   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1192           15.8463117  0.0112662  1406.534   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1193           15.2613998  0.0152344  1001.774   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1194           17.9701285  0.0040632  4422.618   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1195           16.6910379  0.0089162  1871.984   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1198           15.0851414  0.0123208  1224.367   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1199           16.9536123  0.0043771  3873.215   <2e-16 ***
FID.x120            13.9784055  0.0377458   370.330   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1200           16.6488477  0.0047370  3514.634   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1201           15.1963542  0.0094709  1604.530   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1202           15.5145189  0.0116004  1337.409   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1203           16.3378235  0.0081712  1999.443   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1204           12.1333693  0.2582074    46.991   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1206           15.4936632  0.0122010  1269.872   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1207           15.8034459  0.0112620  1403.252   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1208           15.2751290  0.0165060   925.430   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1209           12.9201048  0.1072338   120.485   <2e-16 ***
FID.x121            16.3243190  0.0233143   700.183   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1210           13.4133134  0.0487307   275.254   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1211           12.1911305  0.0814055   149.758   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1212           17.9579336  0.0039392  4558.727   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1213           16.4234469  0.0088972  1845.906   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1214           11.5228494  0.7071109    16.296   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1217           16.5069397  0.0062911  2623.844   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1218           17.3759445  0.0037176  4673.978   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1219           15.7375105  0.0063685  2471.159   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1220           15.5445171  0.0081628  1904.315   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1221           15.7520830  0.0111225  1416.241   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1224           15.9092365  0.0084745  1877.314   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1225           15.4055514  0.0120994  1273.254   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1226           16.2331049  0.0084318  1925.233   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1228           15.3284098  0.0187328   818.265   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1229           16.6566104  0.0073416  2268.800   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1230           17.1179583  0.0053120  3222.519   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1231           17.2178802  0.0054551  3156.265   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1232           18.2148710  0.0041673  4370.945   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1233           14.1451269  0.0451791   313.090   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1237           15.2831315  0.0085135  1795.157   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1238           15.1563956  0.0087088  1740.347   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1239           16.2894534  0.0052211  3119.943   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1240           15.6510772  0.0099140  1578.686   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1241           15.2306241  0.0130225  1169.561   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1242           13.4034561  0.0461790   290.250   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1243           15.0280236  0.0121994  1231.869   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1244           16.6111120  0.0077281  2149.446   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1245           15.8895426  0.0123263  1289.080   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1248           14.4024655  0.0343456   419.339   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1249           18.2029657  0.0034307  5305.955   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1250           17.8143563  0.0039642  4493.859   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1251           17.3421071  0.0063844  2716.345   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1252           14.8183692  0.0240363   616.498   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1255           15.8459886  0.0066567  2380.448   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1256           14.9451557  0.0089351  1672.636   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1257           15.5815396  0.0067961  2292.710   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1258           15.4412873  0.0083763  1843.440   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1259           15.1839669  0.0158074   960.559   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1260           14.6269548  0.0148055   987.944   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1261           16.1731603  0.0066254  2441.074   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1262           15.9526432  0.0074213  2149.579   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1263           16.9661339  0.0052234  3248.073   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1264           17.0141872  0.0053304  3191.917   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1265           16.0646524  0.0109505  1467.022   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1267           17.3187360  0.0065641  2638.414   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1268           17.5393494  0.0041827  4193.316   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1269           17.6681372  0.0045074  3919.782   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1271           17.3145431  0.0149597  1157.410   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1275           16.3885842  0.0046315  3538.496   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1276           15.1749946  0.0080594  1882.905   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1277           15.6031448  0.0064138  2432.736   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1278           16.5953078  0.0049851  3328.953   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1279           16.0441241  0.0064466  2488.783   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1280           15.5090962  0.0092851  1670.327   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1281           16.1716579  0.0071239  2270.072   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1282           16.2029221  0.0065647  2468.178   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1283           17.0576703  0.0050061  3407.354   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1284           16.5558058  0.0066600  2485.860   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1287           17.5181495  0.0050873  3443.508   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1288           18.4848778  0.0035369  5226.255   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1293           15.9859194  0.0059994  2664.608   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1294           16.0096890  0.0050200  3189.155   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1295           16.0404299  0.0049676  3229.027   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1296           14.6999575  0.0158662   926.498   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1297           16.4210909  0.0055539  2956.703   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1298           17.0209590  0.0043023  3956.225   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1299           14.0648895  0.0220038   639.202   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1300           17.1428306  0.0045428  3773.610   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1301           17.5222349  0.0036522  4797.776   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1302           18.1354918  0.0032822  5525.483   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1303           14.5096690  0.0201457   720.237   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1305           17.2070922  0.0066646  2581.868   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1306           18.2416763  0.0038473  4741.445   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1307           17.5258759  0.0073578  2381.943   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1313           15.1743482  0.0076936  1972.329   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1314           15.2793274  0.0074827  2041.959   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1315           14.2083770  0.0180853   785.629   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1316           15.6677260  0.0081495  1922.530   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1317           16.4355250  0.0059986  2739.875   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1318           17.2868219  0.0043179  4003.568   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1319           17.3948443  0.0039840  4366.173   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1320           17.0077133  0.0047786  3559.140   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1321           16.2843306  0.0063574  2561.460   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1322           14.9109451  0.0166331   896.464   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1325           18.4957104  0.0036942  5006.681   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1326           18.1157137  0.0047958  3777.414   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1331           13.6676492  0.0189004   723.140   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1332           14.6839284  0.0097151  1511.457   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1333           15.7638014  0.0054389  2898.346   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1334           16.8107097  0.0043357  3877.303   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1335           16.3183365  0.0062676  2603.588   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1336           17.8225134  0.0031854  5595.066   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1337           16.2640017  0.0063692  2553.524   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1338           16.4594863  0.0058153  2830.383   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1339           18.1557736  0.0031033  5850.389   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1340           15.7507055  0.0099852  1577.411   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1341           15.6837768  0.0125802  1246.707   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1344           17.9020422  0.0049238  3635.782   <2e-16 ***
FID.x135            16.9188638  0.0198045   854.292   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1351           14.8839482  0.0115939  1283.774   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1352           15.0869256  0.0077884  1937.111   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1353           16.2200743  0.0047035  3448.487   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1354           16.5452784  0.0052125  3174.181   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1355           17.1458300  0.0042230  4060.126   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1356           17.4456080  0.0038348  4549.296   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1357           17.3437125  0.0053632  3233.846   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1358           17.5017230  0.0038800  4510.755   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1359           17.1558391  0.0047154  3638.267   <2e-16 ***
FID.x136            14.4639505  0.0586578   246.582   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1363           12.7655054  0.1084872   117.668   <2e-16 ***
FID.x137            13.8812970  0.0811354   171.088   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1370           13.8824498  0.0210978   658.003   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1371           15.5075209  0.0065694  2360.571   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1372           15.7243781  0.0067510  2329.204   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1373           16.0941152  0.0072617  2216.296   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1374           17.5798804  0.0048512  3623.844   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1375           16.9226585  0.0049899  3391.397   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1376           15.4161288  0.0109068  1413.444   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1377           17.7988938  0.0036467  4880.844   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1378           16.0963401  0.0148833  1081.505   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1379           16.3771554  0.0091350  1792.801   <2e-16 ***
FID.x138            14.3876558  0.0415722   346.088   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1382           15.8764062  0.0158732  1000.205   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1388           12.8282327  0.0720080   178.150   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1389           13.1864219  0.0321546   410.094   <2e-16 ***
FID.x139            16.9940400  0.0090458  1878.670   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1390           14.1604208  0.0155287   911.888   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1391           15.7474504  0.0060625  2597.515   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1392           16.2883580  0.0051069  3189.463   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1393           17.0259945  0.0044247  3847.945   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1394           18.4398216  0.0047617  3872.569   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1395           15.4001074  0.0140651  1094.915   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1396           15.8544825  0.0195181   812.296   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1397           17.0463762  0.0063924  2666.677   <2e-16 ***
FID.x140            14.1491672  0.0328553   430.651   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1400           13.3337075  0.0575822   231.559   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1407           13.8906910  0.0531837   261.183   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1408           13.2752945  0.0307827   431.258   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1409           14.5973185  0.0175871   830.003   <2e-16 ***
FID.x141            15.0779631  0.0385961   390.660   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1410           16.4125765  0.0047985  3420.341   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1411           17.3147834  0.0037337  4637.433   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1412           17.5273973  0.0046199  3793.898   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1413           14.4805845  0.0188607   767.767   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1414           16.1564496  0.0071081  2272.969   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1415           15.3310550  0.0126540  1211.563   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1416           15.3300273  0.0132931  1153.235   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1417           14.8845061  0.0191175   778.579   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1418           12.9644852  0.0765018   169.466   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1419           13.4473755  0.0603381   222.867   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1427           11.5274722  0.7071100    16.302   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1429           15.1017322  0.0147787  1021.856   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1430           13.7618203  0.0195789   702.891   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1431           17.1567785  0.0039368  4358.064   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1432           15.7630371  0.0196463   802.340   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1433           15.8095975  0.0097454  1622.268   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1434           16.2229937  0.0086562  1874.151   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1435           15.3665304  0.0119985  1280.707   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1438           13.7454446  0.0390391   352.094   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1439           13.5843751  0.0574903   236.290   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1447           17.0713517  0.0090773  1880.657   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1448           15.6126152  0.0072290  2159.720   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1449           16.5431319  0.0059091  2799.601   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1450           17.4218914  0.0039861  4370.694   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1451           15.8985663  0.0075282  2111.864   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1452           17.2010987  0.0042685  4029.793   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1453           16.9030387  0.0087897  1923.053   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1454           15.8839032  0.0091595  1734.154   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1455           17.5655873  0.0044368  3959.067   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1456           17.3594637  0.0054407  3190.647   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1457           13.8038268  0.0595869   231.659   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1467           15.6881782  0.0197276   795.241   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1468           16.9940780  0.0041100  4134.826   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1469           15.8405485  0.0079261  1998.518   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1470           17.2441081  0.0045722  3771.533   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1471           17.7951563  0.0034974  5088.133   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1472           16.2179699  0.0068116  2380.929   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1473           17.9270943  0.0035891  4994.819   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1474           16.7250150  0.0066933  2498.762   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1475           16.6515751  0.0075381  2209.001   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1476           13.1280896  0.0587604   223.417   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1485           14.7159002  0.0270321   544.386   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1486           16.8706664  0.0044317  3806.801   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1487           14.8565872  0.0158020   940.171   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1488           16.4308583  0.0059285  2771.527   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1489           16.2557990  0.0083691  1942.354   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1490           16.5200334  0.0055700  2965.874   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1491           17.0822882  0.0047638  3585.825   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1492           17.7632814  0.0038124  4659.341   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1493           17.4456636  0.0051690  3375.080   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1505           11.8828754  0.1666770    71.293   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1506           17.1203963  0.0040416  4236.077   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1507           15.8929786  0.0067920  2339.945   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1508           17.0356848  0.0097528  1746.742   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1509           17.0598601  0.0046586  3662.026   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1511           17.9170587  0.0035746  5012.282   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1512           18.4879530  0.0050905  3631.845   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1513           17.4839095  0.0056770  3079.788   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1523           16.3219273  0.0116932  1395.849   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1524           16.7482492  0.0052791  3172.555   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1525           16.5143161  0.0052903  3121.634   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1526           16.4114263  0.0071609  2291.807   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1527           15.8535775  0.0081546  1944.129   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1528           15.3143296  0.0118638  1290.845   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1529           16.8498799  0.0064048  2630.807   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1530           17.4684180  0.0044423  3932.310   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1531           16.6211440  0.0078745  2110.766   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1543           16.7243815  0.0061179  2733.686   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1544           16.5552860  0.0050021  3309.647   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1545           17.2053318  0.0041484  4147.497   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1546           16.2561327  0.0065463  2483.245   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1547           17.4667420  0.0042463  4113.443   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1548           17.2012545  0.0049264  3491.623   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1549           17.8443110  0.0035441  5034.945   <2e-16 ***
FID.x155            15.5859957  0.0758414   205.508   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1550           15.3408674  0.0122768  1249.583   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1551           17.7039642  0.0046283  3825.144   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1562           16.8435838  0.0052199  3226.778   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1563           16.7680171  0.0048057  3489.196   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1564           16.3967938  0.0056013  2927.295   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1565           14.5718537  0.0200013   728.545   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1566           16.8996664  0.0054378  3107.838   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1567           17.5499996  0.0038170  4597.841   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1568           17.2341100  0.0045695  3771.524   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1569           17.3687948  0.0043634  3980.583   <2e-16 ***
FID.x157            14.3255796  0.0463170   309.294   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1570           18.3976987  0.0057638  3191.924   <2e-16 ***
FID.x158            16.5649773  0.0101983  1624.295   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1581           15.7494727  0.0092462  1703.341   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1582           16.6034718  0.0050640  3278.734   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1583           15.7499378  0.0071969  2188.420   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1584           15.5778548  0.0104892  1485.135   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1586           17.6057235  0.0040111  4389.198   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1587           17.8225421  0.0035546  5013.938   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1588           17.2009899  0.0045015  3821.153   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1589           17.0677781  0.0052902  3226.325   <2e-16 ***
FID.x159            17.7808097  0.0061823  2876.090   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1590           14.9030131  0.0244216   610.240   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1600           16.5265373  0.0057569  2870.760   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1601           16.7120392  0.0083410  2003.611   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1602           15.4662439  0.0098915  1563.595   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1603           15.1033708  0.0232853   648.624   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1605           17.2548584  0.0044092  3913.355   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1606           16.7869563  0.0054747  3066.305   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1607           17.8187896  0.0036071  4939.913   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1608           17.8157238  0.0040294  4421.430   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1609           16.6024719  0.0107747  1540.875   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1619           17.1881080  0.0049353  3482.679   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1620           16.4195835  0.0063442  2588.109   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1621           16.5763791  0.0064320  2577.161   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1622           14.9127058  0.0133336  1118.428   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1623           15.3009919  0.0273019   560.438   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1624           14.0334140  0.0327578   428.399   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1625           17.6204448  0.0043226  4076.371   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1626           17.5409986  0.0040373  4344.735   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1627           17.6779665  0.0040295  4387.112   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1628           16.6596771  0.0075512  2206.221   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1629           15.1901973  0.0268661   565.403   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1638           16.3029377  0.0072407  2251.566   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1639           17.4117022  0.0037913  4592.566   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1640           17.3013447  0.0040345  4288.396   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1644           17.4692263  0.0049134  3555.441   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1645           17.3697183  0.0044413  3910.956   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1646           17.6732887  0.0038370  4606.060   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1647           14.4386759  0.0328153   439.999   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1657           17.0013046  0.0053291  3190.279   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1658           16.4905594  0.0059470  2772.942   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1659           16.9630653  0.0046561  3643.168   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1660           16.2732270  0.0073411  2216.724   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1662           13.9816285  0.0607834   230.024   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1664           16.7776258  0.0066060  2539.772   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1665           18.5797179  0.0030283  6135.395   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1666           14.0602686  0.0343573   409.237   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1667           17.3402404  0.0104169  1664.632   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1676           16.8820775  0.0050528  3341.136   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1677           17.1967827  0.0047325  3633.792   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1678           17.4577929  0.0042651  4093.196   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1681           15.2607601  0.0252584   604.185   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1683           17.6797542  0.0081968  2156.914   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1684           17.5684640  0.0045883  3829.010   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1695           17.1550071  0.0059859  2865.898   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1696           15.5241414  0.0123195  1260.128   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1697           17.3644776  0.0096594  1797.677   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1698           17.1056924  0.0048570  3521.894   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1701           13.9660551  0.0506169   275.917   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1703           17.4760350  0.0049679  3517.797   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1704           17.3645616  0.0085915  2021.136   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1714           17.1615000  0.0048054  3571.269   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1715           15.6091392  0.0097134  1606.976   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1716           16.4445146  0.0087036  1889.401   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1717           11.8105935  0.1324695    89.157   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1720           13.9747579  0.0588652   237.403   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1722           16.6687593  0.0086505  1926.914   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1734           15.8876050  0.0089903  1767.186   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1735           17.6270708  0.0056613  3113.622   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1736           17.0585556  0.0051807  3292.700   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1739           15.1206423  0.0282190   535.831   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1741           16.7108165  0.0091381  1828.689   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1752           16.6127553  0.0067572  2458.519   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1753           17.3780750  0.0045338  3833.037   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1754           17.9554783  0.0040805  4400.294   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1757           13.9468307  0.0469288   297.192   <2e-16 ***
FID.x176            13.2930855  0.0808689   164.378   <2e-16 ***
FID.x177            13.6876101  0.0419377   326.379   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1772           16.2615537  0.0084561  1923.055   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1773           18.1781224  0.0031527  5765.862   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1774           16.8386943  0.0067673  2488.230   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1775           17.7790315  0.0044334  4010.208   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1777           12.9723687  0.0880688   147.298   <2e-16 ***
FID.x178            13.0484875  0.1097823   118.858   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1790           16.5274733  0.0077445  2134.095   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1791           15.0204104  0.0135488  1108.614   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1792           17.4885293  0.0043857  3987.601   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1793           16.4053167  0.0106682  1537.782   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1794           17.8599775  0.0044180  4042.576   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1795           16.6401820  0.0073655  2259.191   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1796           17.1208170  0.0062522  2738.364   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1810           16.8304755  0.0058594  2872.402   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1811           17.5552910  0.0039371  4458.890   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1812           17.1219291  0.0051001  3357.167   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1813           17.9485023  0.0041978  4275.723   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1814           17.7975353  0.0042422  4195.394   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1815           16.3432333  0.0090943  1797.086   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1816           15.7616442  0.0157397  1001.391   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1829           17.4739243  0.0057489  3039.536   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1830           17.7731785  0.0038259  4645.527   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1831           17.1631879  0.0047839  3587.731   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1832           17.3791832  0.0046345  3749.992   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1833           15.9411485  0.0113960  1398.840   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1834           18.0000193  0.0041043  4385.690   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1848           16.6055600  0.0075148  2209.727   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1849           17.5079404  0.0043149  4057.539   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1850           13.2902517  0.0743598   178.729   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1851           17.4340328  0.0039928  4366.354   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1852           17.4167529  0.0050847  3425.350   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1853           17.5921835  0.0046449  3787.450   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1854           16.5502795  0.0135256  1223.626   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1867           17.4737054  0.0048597  3595.662   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1868           16.0568199  0.0082206  1953.232   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1869           15.9416671  0.0204904   778.006   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1870           18.5487203  0.0029863  6211.362   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1871           17.5163110  0.0066763  2623.654   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1872           17.3749738  0.0054626  3180.738   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1886           16.1722490  0.0092428  1749.719   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1887           17.6761082  0.0041259  4284.164   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1888           16.4447626  0.0071025  2315.358   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1889           17.1318966  0.0045890  3733.228   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1890           16.8166808  0.0064246  2617.535   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1891           18.0653503  0.0036170  4994.582   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1892           13.9218679  0.0669995   207.791   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1904           13.9265164  0.1010444   137.826   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1905           14.7358367  0.0186713   789.224   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1906           15.8003994  0.0091065  1735.065   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1907           17.0913720  0.0053758  3179.296   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1908           17.2651909  0.0045254  3815.202   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1909           16.8107533  0.0071334  2356.624   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1910           14.6625679  0.0373270   392.814   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1925           15.8316990  0.0128674  1230.371   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1926           15.0688723  0.0143778  1048.067   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1927           17.5503290  0.0039862  4402.753   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1928           17.8417415  0.0044580  4002.175   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1929           17.0215209  0.0059228  2873.885   <2e-16 ***
FID.x194            13.8884509  0.0825087   168.327   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1943           16.4894410  0.0109041  1512.220   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1944           15.0076650  0.0153467   977.910   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1945           17.4507270  0.0045353  3847.716   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1946           17.9362282  0.0035960  4987.799   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1947           18.0451682  0.0038709  4661.719   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1948           17.5250420  0.0055305  3168.794   <2e-16 ***
FID.x195            18.0285104  0.0053260  3385.020   <2e-16 ***
FID.x196            15.3557539  0.0204206   751.974   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1964           16.5439291  0.0069366  2385.011   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1965           16.7307403  0.0076464  2188.050   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1966           17.0431934  0.0051745  3293.706   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1967           17.4529405  0.0051600  3382.348   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1982           16.2055479  0.0099159  1634.306   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1983           15.8146394  0.0106634  1483.074   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1984           16.9190234  0.0059162  2859.777   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1985           17.2638429  0.0050611  3411.118   <2e-16 ***
FID.x1986           16.5605726  0.0198531   834.156   <2e-16 ***
FID.x20             14.8814938  0.0985565   150.995   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2001           14.2723067  0.0798383   178.765   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2002           13.5522382  0.0380413   356.250   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2003           15.1647591  0.0240987   629.276   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2004           16.9548741  0.0064946  2610.599   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2005           16.0449375  0.0105475  1521.203   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2020           14.0965028  0.0387147   364.112   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2021           16.0850821  0.0192985   833.491   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2022           15.8321979  0.0127702  1239.773   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2023           15.8141948  0.0125231  1262.798   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2024           13.6217689  0.0534139   255.023   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2041           13.9504438  0.0501675   278.077   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2042           15.4040158  0.0183085   841.357   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2043           14.9327967  0.0171789   869.253   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2044           14.7752578  0.0350662   421.353   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2060           15.0130711  0.0391894   383.091   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2061           16.5569483  0.0111022  1491.322   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2062           15.0361564  0.0188489   797.721   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2063           13.0044975  0.1005252   129.365   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2078           17.2918514  0.0087563  1974.782   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2081           13.4626470  0.0592730   227.130   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2082           15.1739214  0.0181616   835.493   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2097           15.6974224  0.0181243   866.096   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2098           16.7787631  0.0099731  1682.407   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2101           16.2550906  0.0119196  1363.732   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2114           17.4413834  0.0151436  1151.731   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2118           17.0916515  0.0089397  1911.886   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2120           15.8505499  0.0139337  1137.568   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2136           16.7977711  0.0104514  1607.230   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2139           13.3631737  0.0644507   207.339   <2e-16 ***
FID.x214            12.7373259  0.1561883    81.551   <2e-16 ***
FID.x215            13.9227652  0.0510766   272.586   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2152           17.2494815  0.0170660  1010.750   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2157           16.4549884  0.0143772  1144.521   <2e-16 ***
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FID.x2176           16.2222773  0.0142130  1141.368   <2e-16 ***
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FID.x2196           17.1496251  0.0104419  1642.383   <2e-16 ***
FID.x2266           16.7270831  0.0362988   460.817   <2e-16 ***
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FID.x308            13.7380440  0.0441959   310.844   <2e-16 ***
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FID.x424            15.3799470  0.0175283   877.434   <2e-16 ***
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FID.x426            16.4254001  0.0160106  1025.909   <2e-16 ***
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FID.x466            12.7130086  0.1373766    92.541   <2e-16 ***
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FID.x483            18.5111396  0.0039406  4697.567   <2e-16 ***
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FID.x540            14.3346546  0.0588646   243.519   <2e-16 ***
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FID.x927            17.9369653  0.0044075  4069.646   <2e-16 ***
FID.x928            13.6210572  0.0482688   282.192   <2e-16 ***
FID.x934            15.6791705  0.0110847  1414.493   <2e-16 ***
FID.x935            16.4466526  0.0071535  2299.110   <2e-16 ***
FID.x936            17.0427745  0.0054245  3141.819   <2e-16 ***
FID.x937            15.1254946  0.0138156  1094.813   <2e-16 ***
FID.x938            16.2934867  0.0069747  2336.074   <2e-16 ***
FID.x944            15.3052343  0.0246618   620.604   <2e-16 ***
FID.x946            17.6256295  0.0045108  3907.409   <2e-16 ***
FID.x947            17.6469696  0.0049128  3592.059   <2e-16 ***
FID.x952            16.9486032  0.0057528  2946.136   <2e-16 ***
FID.x953            16.1894111  0.0077593  2086.441   <2e-16 ***
FID.x954            17.0468724  0.0052338  3257.044   <2e-16 ***
FID.x955            15.9328924  0.0091195  1747.128   <2e-16 ***
FID.x963            12.4002557  0.2500102    49.599   <2e-16 ***
FID.x965            17.5034437  0.0049975  3502.462   <2e-16 ***
FID.x966            18.3508671  0.0048576  3777.791   <2e-16 ***
FID.x971            16.4708031  0.0075566  2179.667   <2e-16 ***
FID.x972            15.9198668  0.0100228  1588.364   <2e-16 ***
FID.x973            15.7581290  0.0086146  1829.239   <2e-16 ***
FID.x974            15.7744475  0.0099053  1592.528   <2e-16 ***
FID.x976            17.2099858  0.0051548  3338.617   <2e-16 ***
FID.x98             13.9382024  0.0990373   140.737   <2e-16 ***
FID.x982            12.6850433  0.1414349    89.688   <2e-16 ***
FID.x984            17.4321322  0.0057804  3015.743   <2e-16 ***
FID.x985            15.9654323  0.0117796  1355.347   <2e-16 ***
FID.x989            14.4515302  0.0435344   331.956   <2e-16 ***
FID.x99             14.9202453  0.0716445   208.254   <2e-16 ***
FID.x990            14.2327469  0.0327678   434.352   <2e-16 ***
FID.x991            15.5041062  0.0202208   766.742   <2e-16 ***
FID.x992            17.6617670  0.0037703  4684.491   <2e-16 ***
FID.x993            14.8580483  0.0179565   827.448   <2e-16 ***
FID.x994            16.4963721  0.0068080  2423.084   <2e-16 ***
log(RETAIL_COUNT)    0.1329220  0.0001727   769.611   <2e-16 ***
log(BUSINESS_COUNT)  0.0156508  0.0002085    75.080   <2e-16 ***
log(HDB_COUNT)      -0.0077141  0.0001790   -43.094   <2e-16 ***
log(TRAIN_COUNT)     0.5988257  0.0003246  1844.911   <2e-16 ***
log(BUS_STOP_COUNT)  0.1574978  0.0004849   324.806   <2e-16 ***
log(dist)           -1.5180617  0.0002654 -5720.891   <2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

(Dispersion parameter for poisson family taken to be 1)

    Null deviance: 338170409  on 65111  degrees of freedom
Residual deviance:  35988242  on 64291  degrees of freedom
AIC: 36348161

Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 7

Goodness of Fit

CalcRSquared(orcSIM$data$MORNING_PEAK, orcSIM$fitted.values)
[1] 0.3865615

3. Destination Constrained

this model imposes constraints on the inflows to each destination. The total amount of interaction arriving at each destination is restricted to match a predefined total.

decSIM <- glm(formula = MORNING_PEAK ~ 
                  FID.y +
                  log(RETAIL_COUNT)+
                  log(BUSINESS_COUNT)+
                  log(HDB_COUNT)+
                  log(TRAIN_COUNT)+
                  log(BUS_STOP_COUNT)+
                  log(dist) - 1,
              family = poisson(link = "log"),
              data = inter_zonal_flow,
              na.action = na.exclude)
summary(decSIM)

Call:
glm(formula = MORNING_PEAK ~ FID.y + log(RETAIL_COUNT) + log(BUSINESS_COUNT) + 
    log(HDB_COUNT) + log(TRAIN_COUNT) + log(BUS_STOP_COUNT) + 
    log(dist) - 1, family = poisson(link = "log"), data = inter_zonal_flow, 
    na.action = na.exclude)

Coefficients: (5 not defined because of singularities)
                      Estimate Std. Error  z value Pr(>|z|)    
FID.y100            17.0114382  0.0112578  1511.09   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1000           17.6777663  0.0086945  2033.22   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1001           14.0241202  0.0848440   165.29   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1002           17.9789556  0.0073384  2449.97   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1003           19.7306264  0.0024588  8024.49   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1004           16.2162171  0.0161923  1001.48   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1009           16.7208994  0.0086239  1938.89   <2e-16 ***
FID.y101            14.9695588  0.0300299   498.49   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1010           17.2216928  0.0069082  2492.95   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1011           15.6075470  0.0175693   888.34   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1012           16.1020191  0.0102367  1572.97   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1013           15.5285792  0.0165911   935.96   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1022           17.3190173  0.0077095  2246.45   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1023           17.8244051  0.0055486  3212.40   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1024           19.0035074  0.0044153  4304.00   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1027           18.0346363  0.0048361  3729.18   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1029           15.8453767  0.0165977   954.67   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1030           16.6379845  0.0069165  2405.54   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1032           16.6625820  0.0076642  2174.07   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1039           15.5377470  0.0291999   532.12   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1040           17.1244890  0.0131061  1306.61   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1041           17.2927902  0.0066114  2615.61   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1042           17.5357918  0.0064535  2717.24   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1047           16.0186457  0.0103361  1549.78   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1048           16.3200181  0.0086668  1883.05   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1049           17.8842321  0.0042005  4257.68   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1060           18.0067221  0.0057719  3119.70   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1061           19.2397735  0.0030502  6307.68   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1062           18.1612964  0.0049161  3694.24   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1063           14.8462791  0.0414199   358.43   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1065           18.2766625  0.0038056  4802.55   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1066           17.2785429  0.0052209  3309.47   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1067           17.3645210  0.0049390  3515.81   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1068           16.2390282  0.0088970  1825.22   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1070           17.8149493  0.0049175  3622.75   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1077           15.9992217  0.0286688   558.07   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1079           18.1537320  0.0052829  3436.32   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1080           17.7397531  0.0053346  3325.40   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1081           17.7444009  0.0059259  2994.36   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1085           16.9875885  0.0069685  2437.78   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1086           16.7387383  0.0072588  2305.98   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1088           16.6617854  0.0077475  2150.61   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1089           16.4591816  0.0087567  1879.62   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1096           11.3314735  0.2773562    40.85   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1099           16.8884822  0.0084265  2004.21   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1100           17.2804389  0.0108723  1589.41   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1101           17.3312591  0.0096990  1786.91   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1103           17.1001286  0.0060904  2807.72   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1104           17.7668110  0.0042898  4141.68   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1105           16.7973896  0.0122510  1371.11   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1106           16.1175898  0.0110555  1457.88   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1107           16.6206429  0.0078589  2114.88   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1114           14.5151213  0.0571970   253.77   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1115           16.7931781  0.0244164   687.78   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1118           17.7623633  0.0058785  3021.59   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1119           17.0880288  0.0081734  2090.69   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1122           16.0070801  0.0115325  1387.99   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1123           16.3711630  0.0088980  1839.88   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1124           17.3920721  0.0051895  3351.37   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1127           16.3349049  0.0084524  1932.57   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1137           16.9720157  0.0084778  2001.94   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1138           17.8354425  0.0061296  2909.70   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1139           18.1811929  0.0052599  3456.58   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1141           15.8873853  0.0125005  1270.94   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1142           18.0294028  0.0037296  4834.07   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1143           17.0903545  0.0073737  2317.76   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1144           16.8752822  0.0077466  2178.40   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1145           17.1372074  0.0067917  2523.27   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1146           15.6464293  0.0160134   977.09   <2e-16 ***
FID.y115            16.3060001  0.0220428   739.74   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1151           12.7013371  0.1104487   115.00   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1152           17.3168091  0.0071423  2424.54   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1156           18.0598108  0.0044943  4018.35   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1157           17.4293773  0.0061401  2838.61   <2e-16 ***
FID.y116            13.3080959  0.1125232   118.27   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1160           18.3815737  0.0037143  4948.91   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1161           18.0784103  0.0040190  4498.19   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1162           17.5878897  0.0046518  3780.89   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1163           16.5605568  0.0096498  1716.15   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1166           14.1925168  0.0371405   382.13   <2e-16 ***
FID.y117            15.9596222  0.0218198   731.43   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1170           13.1698302  0.0710927   185.25   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1171           17.0723777  0.0085576  1995.00   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1172           15.2745758  0.0221576   689.36   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1175           17.2366645  0.0069429  2482.65   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1176           17.0183221  0.0087837  1937.49   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1179           17.2846347  0.0059211  2919.14   <2e-16 ***
FID.y118            15.4116491  0.0243781   632.19   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1180           17.5620442  0.0044271  3966.94   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1182           15.9089646  0.0192108   828.13   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1183           17.2371276  0.0055647  3097.58   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1185           12.1850088  0.1889930    64.47   <2e-16 ***
FID.y119            16.6268110  0.0147834  1124.70   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1191           15.8380720  0.0156954  1009.09   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1192           15.9117247  0.0130766  1216.81   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1193           15.6980193  0.0157286   998.06   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1194           18.5301429  0.0036483  5079.15   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1195           16.1472627  0.0134185  1203.36   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1197           17.3447023  0.0155531  1115.19   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1198           15.6535606  0.0141718  1104.56   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1199           17.1545155  0.0056498  3036.30   <2e-16 ***
FID.y120            16.4028527  0.0123508  1328.08   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1200           17.3240743  0.0053507  3237.72   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1201           16.8570519  0.0064927  2596.32   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1202           16.7813331  0.0085861  1954.48   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1203           18.3323755  0.0053147  3449.36   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1204           12.0477411  0.2582067    46.66   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1206           15.6581485  0.0156241  1002.18   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1207           16.1649356  0.0127749  1265.37   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1208           17.9714674  0.0055998  3209.31   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1209           14.3634428  0.0558491   257.18   <2e-16 ***
FID.y121            16.5704159  0.0116823  1418.42   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1210           14.7835013  0.0293421   503.83   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1211           14.8705396  0.0264204   562.84   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1212           18.2580471  0.0039709  4598.01   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1213           16.8374573  0.0091264  1844.93   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1214           13.2275513  0.0962420   137.44   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1217           17.0567959  0.0072060  2367.03   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1218           18.1774786  0.0038406  4733.03   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1219           16.7966293  0.0066848  2512.66   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1220           17.5950603  0.0053907  3263.96   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1221           16.2770078  0.0125423  1297.77   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1224           17.1302274  0.0062089  2758.97   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1225           15.9323851  0.0117590  1354.91   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1226           16.1815604  0.0109502  1477.74   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1228           15.6708767  0.0186227   841.49   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1229           18.2851095  0.0040239  4544.14   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1230           17.1645770  0.0066468  2582.38   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1231           17.0181935  0.0074103  2296.55   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1232           17.0256694  0.0087398  1948.07   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1233           15.1966052  0.0290253   523.56   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1237           16.3137201  0.0089626  1820.21   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1238           16.2346442  0.0086345  1880.20   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1239           17.8070847  0.0039261  4535.59   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1240           16.8000439  0.0076992  2182.06   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1241           17.0150335  0.0070924  2399.04   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1242           14.2473864  0.0324909   438.50   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1243           15.3932796  0.0142477  1080.40   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1244           17.4347170  0.0072679  2398.88   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1245           16.0221690  0.0168608   950.26   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1248           14.1998386  0.0631509   224.86   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1249           18.9010852  0.0029864  6329.00   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1250           19.3317296  0.0026894  7188.13   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1251           18.5137941  0.0045424  4075.73   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1252           15.5787672  0.0194111   802.57   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1255           16.9252506  0.0064618  2619.28   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1256           16.5806189  0.0072848  2276.06   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1257           16.7923787  0.0069014  2433.19   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1258           17.6144449  0.0050654  3477.41   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1259           17.1633221  0.0123874  1385.55   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1260           16.4114740  0.0086125  1905.55   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1261           17.1051755  0.0054593  3133.19   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1262           16.6838319  0.0070219  2375.98   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1263           17.4558018  0.0053532  3260.82   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1264           16.6464639  0.0076540  2174.88   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1265           16.1432374  0.0138972  1161.62   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1267           16.5636374  0.0111118  1490.63   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1268           18.2928708  0.0035847  5103.05   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1269           17.6119973  0.0055114  3195.57   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1271           16.7239958  0.0218195   766.47   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1275           17.8181668  0.0041170  4327.97   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1276           16.9022980  0.0069341  2437.55   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1277           17.5940093  0.0043694  4026.60   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1278           17.2484737  0.0055597  3102.42   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1279           16.9334947  0.0059761  2833.55   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1280           17.3312036  0.0055228  3138.11   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1281           16.9041510  0.0068128  2481.24   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1282           17.1610223  0.0057547  2982.07   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1283           17.2885967  0.0057185  3023.26   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1284           16.6953775  0.0077958  2141.59   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1287           17.3716736  0.0062193  2793.20   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1288           17.9888770  0.0051935  3463.70   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1293           17.5614110  0.0051377  3418.17   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1294           17.9410184  0.0039066  4592.48   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1295           17.5392703  0.0043768  4007.37   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1296           16.9793464  0.0092615  1833.33   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1297           17.8754337  0.0042748  4181.55   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1298           17.4792266  0.0048859  3577.49   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1299           16.1442336  0.0103323  1562.50   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1300           16.9641711  0.0064141  2644.82   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1301           17.5459163  0.0044314  3959.47   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1302           18.2198500  0.0037117  4908.81   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1303           17.5936712  0.0061838  2845.13   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1305           15.7758818  0.0164997   956.13   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1306           17.6247245  0.0058704  3002.30   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1307           18.6122823  0.0059001  3154.57   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1313           18.2018396  0.0035826  5080.56   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1314           17.3900978  0.0051608  3369.63   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1315           16.2543485  0.0111732  1454.76   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1316           17.1577246  0.0070577  2431.08   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1317           17.2819473  0.0058114  2973.81   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1318           18.0955688  0.0045351  3990.08   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1319           18.8221719  0.0028962  6498.98   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1320           16.4330931  0.0081397  2018.87   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1321           17.6588000  0.0045176  3908.92   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1322           17.3424842  0.0065850  2633.64   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1325           17.1367078  0.0070800  2420.45   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1326           16.9428674  0.0104551  1620.54   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1331           17.0237248  0.0072073  2362.00   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1332           18.0511786  0.0039738  4542.59   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1333           17.8354754  0.0037410  4767.52   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1334           17.6773562  0.0043485  4065.12   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1335           16.8247610  0.0071357  2357.82   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1336           18.7346613  0.0028070  6674.35   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1337           17.3100713  0.0052389  3304.12   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1340           17.6419343  0.0059473  2966.38   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1341           18.1555041  0.0049398  3675.37   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1352           16.8344654  0.0060335  2790.18   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1356           17.5212391  0.0045537  3847.71   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1357           17.0253869  0.0083964  2027.71   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1359           17.8873016  0.0044626  4008.24   <2e-16 ***
FID.y136            16.0301375  0.0211829   756.75   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1363           13.8722784  0.0628966   220.56   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1376           16.7053359  0.0074672  2237.18   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1377           17.5308969  0.0049422  3547.21   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1378           18.9346463  0.0044359  4268.49   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1379           16.4049550  0.0115285  1423.00   <2e-16 ***
FID.y138            16.7515990  0.0126065  1328.80   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1382           15.0476730  0.0285334   527.37   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1392           17.3760459  0.0046684  3722.09   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1393           16.8883726  0.0061367  2752.04   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1394           18.2534944  0.0064497  2830.12   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1395           16.6205984  0.0095295  1744.12   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1396           16.3651783  0.0255218   641.22   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y140            15.7601021  0.0171549   918.69   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1400           16.1725474  0.0147676  1095.14   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1407           14.1843532  0.0589522   240.61   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1408           15.9224592  0.0157548  1010.64   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1409           17.4689433  0.0123849  1410.50   <2e-16 ***
FID.y141            16.3373902  0.0184734   884.37   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1410           17.7673439  0.0040695  4365.97   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1411           17.9075081  0.0039449  4539.35   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1412           17.3265831  0.0064405  2690.25   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1413           15.0569726  0.0166561   903.99   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1414           16.1744335  0.0091132  1774.83   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1415           16.6078082  0.0081554  2036.42   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1417           15.7056530  0.0162802   964.71   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1419           16.4921592  0.0120365  1370.17   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1427           13.6708353  0.0990313   138.05   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1430           17.6120712  0.0047791  3685.20   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1431           17.7514535  0.0040850  4345.57   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1432           16.4934075  0.0198690   830.11   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1433           16.0977692  0.0119992  1341.57   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1434           16.9332374  0.0075048  2256.31   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1435           17.5608107  0.0051661  3399.26   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1438           16.1212543  0.0127907  1260.39   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1439           16.6373100  0.0130868  1271.31   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1447           16.5396578  0.0140393  1178.10   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1448           16.5076607  0.0071490  2309.08   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1449           17.1021670  0.0065701  2603.02   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1450           18.1641301  0.0040865  4444.92   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1451           16.0161915  0.0102187  1567.34   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1453           16.4991667  0.0131808  1251.76   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1454           17.9784806  0.0043377  4144.70   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1455           17.1592714  0.0062203  2758.59   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1456           17.7823505  0.0051261  3468.98   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1457           15.6281354  0.0255333   612.07   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1467           17.0466789  0.0106879  1594.94   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1468           17.5390822  0.0043985  3987.48   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1469           18.1937162  0.0039215  4639.52   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1470           17.4157605  0.0056510  3081.89   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1471           19.0790548  0.0026627  7165.43   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1472           16.2021294  0.0087841  1844.48   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1473           18.2983365  0.0036577  5002.73   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1474           15.6370801  0.0139892  1117.80   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1475           16.1916865  0.0112633  1437.57   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1476           15.4377209  0.0186885   826.06   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1485           14.6439817  0.0316898   462.10   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1487           17.0193073  0.0079619  2137.60   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1488           17.0060009  0.0062623  2715.62   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1489           17.2801100  0.0076690  2253.25   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1490           16.9462255  0.0060813  2786.60   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1491           17.0529688  0.0058121  2934.03   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1492           17.8090452  0.0042880  4153.27   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1493           17.0094300  0.0073370  2318.32   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1505           12.7599606  0.1162611   109.75   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1506           17.7030945  0.0041788  4236.38   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1507           17.7556414  0.0041625  4265.63   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1508           16.5138019  0.0157296  1049.85   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1509           16.8731132  0.0067453  2501.47   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1511           17.6203032  0.0046271  3808.05   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1512           17.5421037  0.0103710  1691.45   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1530           17.9067782  0.0044843  3993.24   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1543           16.9029279  0.0076030  2223.18   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1545           16.8655330  0.0062275  2708.23   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1546           17.5870752  0.0047353  3714.05   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1547           17.5476618  0.0051402  3413.79   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1549           17.7129502  0.0043995  4026.11   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1550           15.5504195  0.0151093  1029.19   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1565           16.7231898  0.0086666  1929.62   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1583           17.6674451  0.0043676  4045.12   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1584           17.0903570  0.0061918  2760.14   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1589           17.5758119  0.0053559  3281.57   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1607           18.9599540  0.0029034  6530.30   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1620           17.2401672  0.0058250  2959.71   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1627           17.7253804  0.0051937  3412.88   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1628           16.7267764  0.0089730  1864.12   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1629           15.0992153  0.0501572   301.04   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1638           16.8347027  0.0074528  2258.83   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1639           18.1339507  0.0035158  5157.88   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1640           18.2772238  0.0034354  5320.30   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1644           16.3280582  0.0111889  1459.31   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1645           17.2317741  0.0060321  2856.66   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1646           18.9581560  0.0029439  6439.76   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1647           14.3317059  0.0410321   349.28   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1657           18.0970876  0.0042557  4252.40   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1658           16.7839786  0.0068920  2435.30   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1659           16.7423051  0.0067284  2488.31   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1665           18.8080979  0.0032734  5745.76   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1666           15.6613435  0.0221842   705.97   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1717           15.6399278  0.0237751   657.83   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1736           17.9404460  0.0046453  3862.09   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1791           17.0167459  0.0066324  2565.69   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1793           17.6445731  0.0071044  2483.62   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1794           17.4318986  0.0061590  2830.31   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1795           17.2279209  0.0062839  2741.58   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1796           17.6861133  0.0057250  3089.28   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1812           17.9927398  0.0044027  4086.74   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1833           16.3592205  0.0112259  1457.28   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1834           18.0256571  0.0044667  4035.61   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1848           16.2127373  0.0108386  1495.83   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1849           17.0152598  0.0062049  2742.23   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1850           16.7250777  0.0119294  1402.01   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1851           18.1788279  0.0036832  4935.56   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1852           16.4820783  0.0089987  1831.61   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1853           16.6351848  0.0083055  2002.92   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1854           14.9163682  0.0272421   547.55   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1867           16.9201954  0.0072349  2338.70   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1868           16.7025765  0.0076867  2172.91   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1869           15.2143141  0.0312226   487.29   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1870           19.4433320  0.0024736  7860.47   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1871           16.6659764  0.0124335  1340.41   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1872           16.8313335  0.0081059  2076.44   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1886           16.9033615  0.0078516  2152.86   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1887           18.2255275  0.0037779  4824.23   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1888           18.0460747  0.0040628  4441.82   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1889           17.2157536  0.0057021  3019.22   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1890           16.8912466  0.0089825  1880.46   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1891           19.0963328  0.0027738  6884.64   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1892           14.6153090  0.0616883   236.92   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1904           16.2074392  0.0754110   214.92   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1905           15.5240740  0.0151227  1026.54   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1906           18.1471024  0.0038325  4735.05   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1907           17.9583485  0.0046367  3873.12   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1908           17.0194995  0.0064318  2646.14   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1909           16.3707534  0.0118381  1382.89   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1910           15.4105973  0.0328205   469.54   <2e-16 ***
FID.y1925           16.9636357  0.0091420  1855.58   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1928           17.2694963  0.0072237  2390.69   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1966           16.7235957  0.0073945  2261.62   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y1984           17.2674073  0.0061091  2826.50   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y2002           17.3002457  0.0080996  2135.94   <2e-16 ***
FID.y2003           18.0072818  0.0068477  2629.70   <2e-16 ***
FID.y2004           16.5081866  0.0092322  1788.11   <2e-16 ***
FID.y2005           17.5020088  0.0059618  2935.72   <2e-16 ***
FID.y2020           18.1152548  0.0096827  1870.89   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y2022           17.1692910  0.0089848  1910.93   <2e-16 ***
FID.y2023           16.0010503  0.0134908  1186.07   <2e-16 ***
FID.y2024           16.8053920  0.0114560  1466.95   <2e-16 ***
FID.y2041           16.9595557  0.0125015  1356.60   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y2043           16.8837459  0.0074301  2272.36   <2e-16 ***
FID.y2044           17.7609397  0.0100805  1761.92   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y813            16.2890821  0.0140982  1155.40   <2e-16 ***
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FID.y823            15.9843323  0.0118389  1350.15   <2e-16 ***
FID.y824            18.2860414  0.0040234  4544.88   <2e-16 ***
FID.y825            16.7262645  0.0071810  2329.22   <2e-16 ***
FID.y828            17.3824545  0.0060111  2891.72   <2e-16 ***
FID.y830            17.8381623  0.0056640  3149.40   <2e-16 ***
FID.y831            14.4967799  0.0398859   363.46   <2e-16 ***
FID.y832            15.9037537  0.0145390  1093.87   <2e-16 ***
FID.y839            15.8530549  0.0170003   932.52   <2e-16 ***
FID.y840            16.8444518  0.0069387  2427.60   <2e-16 ***
FID.y841            17.9081688  0.0038901  4603.51   <2e-16 ***
FID.y842            16.4946534  0.0101840  1619.66   <2e-16 ***
FID.y843            15.5222568  0.0243251   638.12   <2e-16 ***
FID.y844            17.0340282  0.0075238  2264.03   <2e-16 ***
FID.y845            16.9238730  0.0081643  2072.91   <2e-16 ***
FID.y846            19.1157902  0.0027838  6866.69   <2e-16 ***
FID.y849            12.5540777  0.1740870    72.11   <2e-16 ***
FID.y850            18.7553414  0.0036102  5195.04   <2e-16 ***
FID.y851            16.0459437  0.0186205   861.74   <2e-16 ***
FID.y858            15.8543518  0.0144376  1098.13   <2e-16 ***
FID.y859            18.0046368  0.0050113  3592.79   <2e-16 ***
FID.y860            18.7011728  0.0029447  6350.74   <2e-16 ***
FID.y861            18.1485663  0.0077231  2349.92   <2e-16 ***
FID.y862            16.8864421  0.0085647  1971.63   <2e-16 ***
FID.y863            15.2067160  0.0170900   889.80   <2e-16 ***
FID.y864            17.9200038  0.0044746  4004.82   <2e-16 ***
FID.y865            16.5758213  0.0091652  1808.55   <2e-16 ***
FID.y866            17.4003780  0.0084528  2058.53   <2e-16 ***
FID.y868            15.9063568  0.0219279   725.39   <2e-16 ***
FID.y870            17.0000730  0.0119352  1424.36   <2e-16 ***
FID.y871            18.6373275  0.0048324  3856.72   <2e-16 ***
FID.y877            17.1699692  0.0062121  2763.95   <2e-16 ***
FID.y878            17.4221037  0.0046548  3742.81   <2e-16 ***
FID.y879            16.8159934  0.0070092  2399.13   <2e-16 ***
FID.y881            16.4388715  0.0104452  1573.82   <2e-16 ***
FID.y882            15.3180516  0.0160416   954.90   <2e-16 ***
FID.y883            16.2523025  0.0111633  1455.87   <2e-16 ***
FID.y884            17.1060091  0.0064377  2657.18   <2e-16 ***
FID.y885            17.1390575  0.0107661  1591.95   <2e-16 ***
FID.y889            16.4590600  0.0107572  1530.05   <2e-16 ***
FID.y896            17.1102829  0.0067973  2517.21   <2e-16 ***
FID.y897            17.4090792  0.0054587  3189.22   <2e-16 ***
FID.y898            16.0682253  0.0095443  1683.54   <2e-16 ***
FID.y899            15.8925312  0.0112029  1418.61   <2e-16 ***
FID.y900            16.5702051  0.0079196  2092.29   <2e-16 ***
FID.y901            16.2913360  0.0107847  1510.59   <2e-16 ***
FID.y902            16.7505028  0.0130254  1285.99   <2e-16 ***
FID.y903            17.5248744  0.0058694  2985.83   <2e-16 ***
FID.y904            17.0935030  0.0097159  1759.33   <2e-16 ***
FID.y906            16.3369162  0.0154556  1057.02   <2e-16 ***
FID.y908            18.7322487  0.0033848  5534.19   <2e-16 ***
FID.y909            17.9946568  0.0047659  3775.71   <2e-16 ***
FID.y914            16.6684174  0.0118969  1401.08   <2e-16 ***
FID.y915            18.1578237  0.0059232  3065.56   <2e-16 ***
FID.y916            17.0407842  0.0075581  2254.63   <2e-16 ***
FID.y917            15.2572025  0.0157707   967.44   <2e-16 ***
FID.y918            17.9942814  0.0043656  4121.85   <2e-16 ***
FID.y919            18.2271872  0.0039731  4587.61   <2e-16 ***
FID.y921            16.6834169  0.0120275  1387.11   <2e-16 ***
FID.y922            17.8170568  0.0058182  3062.28   <2e-16 ***
FID.y926            16.7570188  0.0129777  1291.21   <2e-16 ***
FID.y927            17.5868552  0.0064087  2744.24   <2e-16 ***
FID.y928            13.6288943  0.0589540   231.18   <2e-16 ***
FID.y934            17.2250080  0.0067634  2546.81   <2e-16 ***
FID.y935            17.8764502  0.0046488  3845.37   <2e-16 ***
FID.y936            17.7103415  0.0048618  3642.75   <2e-16 ***
FID.y937            18.1435483  0.0040418  4489.00   <2e-16 ***
FID.y938            16.9844798  0.0061356  2768.20   <2e-16 ***
FID.y944            16.9539388  0.0108130  1567.92   <2e-16 ***
FID.y946            17.4284932  0.0058513  2978.58   <2e-16 ***
FID.y947            17.7702799  0.0056781  3129.64   <2e-16 ***
FID.y952            17.8069719  0.0048578  3665.67   <2e-16 ***
FID.y953            17.5966990  0.0050386  3492.35   <2e-16 ***
FID.y954            16.7534942  0.0080407  2083.60   <2e-16 ***
FID.y955            15.9737164  0.0109478  1459.08   <2e-16 ***
FID.y963            13.9544320  0.0870580   160.29   <2e-16 ***
FID.y965            18.7442845  0.0040037  4681.70   <2e-16 ***
FID.y966            18.7068157  0.0047156  3966.98   <2e-16 ***
FID.y971            15.7321795  0.0134941  1165.86   <2e-16 ***
FID.y972            17.3896880  0.0060120  2892.47   <2e-16 ***
FID.y973            16.7871423  0.0067473  2487.98   <2e-16 ***
FID.y974            16.0735289  0.0101829  1578.49   <2e-16 ***
FID.y976            17.3390742  0.0059304  2923.77   <2e-16 ***
FID.y98             16.1383081  0.0253825   635.80   <2e-16 ***
FID.y982            15.8744631  0.0562083   282.42   <2e-16 ***
FID.y984            17.8396212  0.0060143  2966.19   <2e-16 ***
FID.y985            18.2016944  0.0054182  3359.39   <2e-16 ***
FID.y989            13.9531877  0.0481520   289.77   <2e-16 ***
FID.y99             13.7810906  0.1005201   137.10   <2e-16 ***
FID.y990            16.5608780  0.0132396  1250.86   <2e-16 ***
FID.y991            16.5205409  0.0147033  1123.60   <2e-16 ***
FID.y992            17.7045788  0.0043355  4083.66   <2e-16 ***
FID.y993            15.0661803  0.0215829   698.06   <2e-16 ***
FID.y994            16.6583793  0.0077419  2151.72   <2e-16 ***
log(RETAIL_COUNT)           NA         NA       NA       NA    
log(BUSINESS_COUNT)         NA         NA       NA       NA    
log(HDB_COUNT)              NA         NA       NA       NA    
log(TRAIN_COUNT)            NA         NA       NA       NA    
log(BUS_STOP_COUNT)         NA         NA       NA       NA    
log(dist)           -1.4559742  0.0002581 -5640.37   <2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

(Dispersion parameter for poisson family taken to be 1)

    Null deviance: 338170409  on 65111  degrees of freedom
Residual deviance:  44596288  on 64295  degrees of freedom
AIC: 44956199

Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 8

Goodness of Fit

CalcRSquared(decSIM$data$MORNING_PEAK, decSIM$fitted.values)
[1] 0.3127029

4. Doubly Constrained Model

the most comprehensive among these models. It imposes constraints on both the outflows from each origin and the inflows to each destination.

dbcSIM_Poisson <- glm(formula = MORNING_PEAK ~ 
                  FID.x +
                  FID.y +
                  log(RETAIL_COUNT)+
                  log(BUSINESS_COUNT)+
                  log(HDB_COUNT)+
                  log(TRAIN_COUNT)+
                  log(BUS_STOP_COUNT)+
                  log(dist),
              family = poisson(link = "log"),
              data = inter_zonal_flow,
              na.action = na.exclude)
summary(dbcSIM_Poisson)

Call:
glm(formula = MORNING_PEAK ~ FID.x + FID.y + log(RETAIL_COUNT) + 
    log(BUSINESS_COUNT) + log(HDB_COUNT) + log(TRAIN_COUNT) + 
    log(BUS_STOP_COUNT) + log(dist), family = poisson(link = "log"), 
    data = inter_zonal_flow, na.action = na.exclude)

Coefficients: (5 not defined because of singularities)
                      Estimate Std. Error   z value Pr(>|z|)    
(Intercept)         20.1111364  0.0182612  1101.305  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1000           -2.4653075  0.0630644   -39.092  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1001           -4.0406681  0.0930163   -43.440  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1002           -1.7656577  0.0311305   -56.718  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1003            2.3831505  0.0149454   159.457  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1004           -0.1808500  0.0166047   -10.891  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1009           -0.8771079  0.0168993   -51.902  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x101            -4.1412372  0.0657375   -62.997  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1010           -2.2401400  0.0227698   -98.382  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1011           -2.1008692  0.0240733   -87.270  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1012           -0.9590655  0.0175268   -54.720  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1013           -1.0546214  0.0196154   -53.765  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1022            0.8363477  0.0154920    53.986  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1023            0.8737527  0.0152592    57.261  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1024            0.1480063  0.0169019     8.757  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1027           -2.0358046  0.0211355   -96.322  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1029           -2.8164966  0.0321208   -87.684  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1030           -0.1091866  0.0155359    -7.028 2.10e-12 ***
FID.x1032           -0.1136697  0.0159198    -7.140 9.32e-13 ***
FID.x1039           -2.7257355  0.0538516   -50.616  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1040           -1.1845478  0.0226643   -52.265  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1041            1.0987154  0.0151863    72.349  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1042            0.0113586  0.0160857     0.706 0.480108    
FID.x1047           -1.7479989  0.0183308   -95.358  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1048           -0.3035253  0.0157202   -19.308  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1049            0.7173909  0.0151490    47.356  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1060            1.6733874  0.0152681   109.600  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1061            1.5342909  0.0152349   100.709  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1062           -1.2493606  0.0190337   -65.639  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1063           -5.5323890  0.2677338   -20.664  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1065           -1.5096206  0.0179217   -84.234  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1066           -0.8186474  0.0161842   -50.583  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1067            0.2291648  0.0152989    14.979  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1068           -0.4754898  0.0160453   -29.634  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1070           -1.1750332  0.0186870   -62.880  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1077           -2.2368603  0.0502613   -44.505  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1079            0.4090689  0.0160052    25.558  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1080            0.4054249  0.0156559    25.896  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1081           -1.2697628  0.0198903   -63.838  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1085           -0.7550306  0.0161267   -46.819  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1086           -0.8979098  0.0162974   -55.095  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1088           -0.0084438  0.0158120    -0.534 0.593333    
FID.x1089           -0.3099396  0.0161555   -19.185  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1096           -2.9729506  0.0903632   -32.900  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1099            1.1254577  0.0153335    73.398  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1100           -2.3358743  0.0423561   -55.148  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1101           -3.2313958  0.0421214   -76.716  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1103            0.2727058  0.0152599    17.871  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1104           -0.0773731  0.0153789    -5.031 4.88e-07 ***
FID.x1105           -0.4042156  0.0176206   -22.940  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1106           -2.1027734  0.0222042   -94.701  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1107           -1.1437419  0.0179223   -63.817  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1114           -5.2708521  0.1896051   -27.799  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1115           -3.1552775  0.1127962   -27.973  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1118           -1.3595799  0.0201430   -67.496  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1119           -1.3312022  0.0201315   -66.125  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1122           -1.4716973  0.0177673   -82.832  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1123           -0.9027058  0.0161878   -55.764  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1124           -0.2274450  0.0154842   -14.689  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1127           -0.9863338  0.0172455   -57.194  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1137            0.0532947  0.0165023     3.230 0.001240 ** 
FID.x1138            0.9508879  0.0157118    60.521  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1139           -1.0525494  0.0205477   -51.225  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1141           -1.1312423  0.0168377   -67.185  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1142           -0.5360205  0.0155991   -34.362  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1143           -1.5065303  0.0188038   -80.118  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1144           -1.7108367  0.0202177   -84.621  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1145           -0.4004082  0.0165932   -24.131  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1146           -2.2010453  0.0294514   -74.735  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x115            -0.8514049  0.0329536   -25.837  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1151           -4.6313575  0.1164530   -39.770  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1152           -0.4988916  0.0189863   -26.276  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1156            1.1016307  0.0153288    71.867  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1157           -1.4551273  0.0200884   -72.436  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x116            -3.8785135  0.1899234   -20.421  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1160            0.7055045  0.0151832    46.466  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1161           -0.1298699  0.0154612    -8.400  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1162            0.5706211  0.0150942    37.804  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1163           -1.1455785  0.0177957   -64.374  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1166           -2.9587148  0.0474549   -62.348  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x117            -3.7620563  0.0620171   -60.662  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1170           -4.3570798  0.0903438   -48.228  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1171            0.9571040  0.0159467    60.019  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1172           -1.5242931  0.0253391   -60.156  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1175            0.1058938  0.0162643     6.511 7.47e-11 ***
FID.x1176            0.4725790  0.0160081    29.521  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1179            0.4838332  0.0152161    31.797  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x118            -3.6136354  0.0384530   -93.975  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1180           -0.1279928  0.0152831    -8.375  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1182           -3.6004040  0.0403552   -89.218  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1183           -0.2590833  0.0159140   -16.280  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1185           -4.0535541  0.1107752   -36.593  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x119            -3.8338623  0.0503429   -76.155  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1191           -2.4746843  0.0362686   -68.232  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1192           -0.8697825  0.0185125   -46.984  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1193           -1.5455885  0.0211752   -72.990  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1194            1.3536592  0.0152720    88.637  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1195           -0.1222845  0.0172494    -7.089 1.35e-12 ***
FID.x1198           -1.9093869  0.0191392   -99.763  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1199            0.0555660  0.0152692     3.639 0.000274 ***
FID.x120            -3.0210985  0.0401453   -75.254  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1200           -0.1116826  0.0153798    -7.262 3.82e-13 ***
FID.x1201           -1.4540578  0.0174342   -83.402  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1202           -1.1926990  0.0186901   -63.814  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1203           -0.3592020  0.0167732   -21.415  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1204           -4.7211992  0.2586475   -18.253  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1206           -1.0100517  0.0190640   -52.982  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1207           -0.6704593  0.0184854   -36.270  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1208           -1.1449371  0.0220833   -51.846  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1209           -3.8176728  0.1082509   -35.267  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x121            -0.0778715  0.0296730    -2.624 0.008682 ** 
FID.x1210           -3.4251960  0.0508952   -67.299  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1211           -4.5841953  0.0827299   -55.412  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1212            1.2888093  0.0152128    84.719  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1213           -0.4033402  0.0171909   -23.462  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1214           -5.9424209  0.7072644    -8.402  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1217           -0.2629673  0.0159237   -16.514  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1218            0.7223957  0.0151036    47.829  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1219           -0.8559610  0.0159581   -53.638  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1220           -1.0493865  0.0167707   -62.573  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1221           -0.8690534  0.0184397   -47.130  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1224           -0.6454243  0.0169215   -38.142  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1225           -1.1499663  0.0190009   -60.522  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1226           -0.3777919  0.0169335   -22.310  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1228           -1.2967222  0.0237872   -54.513  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1229            0.0125650  0.0163908     0.767 0.443326    
FID.x1230            0.3073148  0.0156384    19.651  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1231            0.3492569  0.0156991    22.247  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1232            1.4950280  0.0153397    97.462  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1233           -2.5164807  0.0475506   -52.922  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1237           -1.4318746  0.0169318   -84.567  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1238           -1.5757614  0.0170309   -92.524  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1239           -0.4373159  0.0155290   -28.161  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1240           -1.0765218  0.0176925   -60.846  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1241           -1.8096273  0.0195956   -92.349  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1242           -3.3981390  0.0484455   -70.144  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1243           -1.6115406  0.0190564   -84.567  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1244            0.0231872  0.0165918     1.398 0.162261    
FID.x1245           -0.5652575  0.0192345   -29.388  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1248           -2.4063001  0.0373846   -64.366  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1249            1.7080587  0.0150601   113.416  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1250            1.2718222  0.0152304    83.506  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1251            0.6794677  0.0160460    42.345  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1252           -1.8651613  0.0282472   -66.030  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1255           -0.8369036  0.0160684   -52.084  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1256           -1.6913620  0.0171533   -98.603  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1257           -0.9303019  0.0161419   -57.633  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1258           -1.1146665  0.0168713   -66.069  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1259           -1.3409575  0.0215711   -62.165  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1260           -2.1607864  0.0208145  -103.811  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1261           -0.4536794  0.0160529   -28.262  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1262           -0.6641034  0.0164230   -40.437  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1263            0.3774529  0.0155537    24.268  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1264            0.4453166  0.0156229    28.504  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1265           -0.6382233  0.0183168   -34.844  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1267            0.4654255  0.0161442    28.829  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1268            0.8437207  0.0152636    55.277  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1269            0.8612317  0.0154050    55.906  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1271            0.9187987  0.0212311    43.276  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1275           -0.2343601  0.0153478   -15.270  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1276           -1.3171961  0.0167173   -78.792  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1277           -0.9623668  0.0159739   -60.246  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1278           -0.0814409  0.0154567    -5.269 1.37e-07 ***
FID.x1279           -0.7670661  0.0159793   -48.004  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1280           -1.2877124  0.0173294   -74.308  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1281           -0.6567409  0.0162792   -40.342  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1282           -0.4366443  0.0160520   -27.202  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1283            0.3483506  0.0154894    22.490  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1284           -0.1802932  0.0161080   -11.193  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1287            0.8952915  0.0155936    57.414  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1288            1.7646667  0.0151770   116.272  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1293           -0.5307266  0.0158162   -33.556  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1294           -0.4838575  0.0154755   -31.266  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1295           -0.4372747  0.0154535   -28.296  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1296           -1.7598313  0.0216092   -81.439  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1297           -0.2252756  0.0156480   -14.396  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1298            0.1760620  0.0152402    11.552  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1299           -2.8353416  0.0264417  -107.230  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1300            0.3695517  0.0153315    24.104  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1301            0.8154001  0.0150859    54.050  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1302            1.4338374  0.0150129    95.507  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1303           -2.1817920  0.0249375   -87.491  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1305            0.7432463  0.0161528    46.013  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1306            1.7904154  0.0152206   117.631  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1307            0.8019698  0.0164920    48.628  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1313           -1.3732676  0.0165488   -82.983  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1314           -1.2412642  0.0164346   -75.527  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1315           -2.2410660  0.0232922   -96.215  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1316           -0.8488728  0.0167598   -50.649  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1317           -0.4275278  0.0158246   -27.017  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1318            0.3818202  0.0152617    25.018  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1319            0.7216530  0.0151584    47.607  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1320            0.1824814  0.0154044    11.846  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1321           -0.5524146  0.0159732   -34.584  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1322           -1.9915609  0.0222081   -89.677  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1325            2.1600318  0.0151615   142.468  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1326            1.6482376  0.0154956   106.368  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1331           -2.8522993  0.0239388  -119.150  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1332           -1.8137140  0.0175783  -103.179  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1333           -0.7052578  0.0156095   -45.181  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1334            0.2687046  0.0152575    17.611  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1335           -0.4360788  0.0159181   -27.395  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1336            1.0660168  0.0149586    71.264  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1337           -0.6060043  0.0159633   -37.962  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1338           -0.3762168  0.0157516   -23.884  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1339            1.4226298  0.0149510    95.153  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1340           -1.2592468  0.0177601   -70.903  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1341           -0.9684637  0.0193419   -50.071  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1344            1.5923650  0.0155275   102.551  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x135             0.0337767  0.0252045     1.340 0.180210    
FID.x1351           -1.5438554  0.0187520   -82.330  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1352           -1.4207689  0.0165824   -85.680  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1353           -0.2910530  0.0153670   -18.940  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1354           -0.0805495  0.0155468    -5.181 2.21e-07 ***
FID.x1355            0.3505139  0.0152269    23.019  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1356            0.5639787  0.0151256    37.286  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1357            0.4429038  0.0156161    28.362  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1358            0.7361525  0.0151398    48.624  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1359            0.1966145  0.0154049    12.763  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x136            -2.9572573  0.0606659   -48.747  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1363           -3.6791855  0.1094947   -33.602  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x137            -3.4984272  0.0827625   -42.271  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1370           -2.4466664  0.0256928   -95.228  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1371           -0.9258290  0.0160404   -57.719  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1372           -0.6846329  0.0161234   -42.462  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1373           -0.6917093  0.0163433   -42.324  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1374            0.5561519  0.0154563    35.982  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1375            0.0331393  0.0154623     2.143 0.032095 *  
FID.x1376           -1.4386348  0.0182483   -78.836  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1377            0.9330085  0.0150896    61.831  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1378           -0.5382510  0.0209162   -25.734  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1379           -0.3602419  0.0172973   -20.827  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x138            -2.7407873  0.0444185   -61.704  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1382           -0.3661160  0.0216596   -16.903  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1388           -3.5340852  0.0744054   -47.498  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1389           -3.2533791  0.0354841   -91.686  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x139            -0.0795471  0.0169741    -4.686 2.78e-06 ***
FID.x1390           -2.1438192  0.0213452  -100.436  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1391           -0.7872555  0.0158324   -49.724  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1392           -0.3278447  0.0154942   -21.159  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1393            0.2279745  0.0152822    14.918  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1394            1.4791467  0.0154893    95.495  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1395           -1.5271282  0.0203161   -75.168  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1396           -0.7092119  0.0245192   -28.925  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1397            0.1619839  0.0160029    10.122  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x140            -2.8736886  0.0355795   -80.768  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1400           -2.9860968  0.0594657   -50.215  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1407           -2.7185902  0.0593153   -45.833  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1408           -3.0311781  0.0341087   -88.868  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1409           -1.8847801  0.0228930   -82.330  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x141            -1.9689416  0.0412807   -47.696  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1410           -0.1548454  0.0153871   -10.063  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1411            0.6604057  0.0150964    43.746  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1412            0.4913135  0.0153494    32.009  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1413           -2.4196665  0.0238672  -101.380  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1414           -0.6185964  0.0162651   -38.032  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1415           -1.4983246  0.0193560   -77.409  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1416           -1.4132450  0.0197875   -71.421  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1417           -1.6650936  0.0240929   -69.111  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1418           -3.6350181  0.0779293   -46.645  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1419           -2.8514927  0.0621732   -45.864  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1427           -5.8116376  0.7072949    -8.217  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1429           -1.6055418  0.0208243   -77.099  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1430           -2.9354856  0.0244466  -120.078  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1431            0.3653650  0.0151449    24.125  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1432           -1.4388274  0.0246007   -58.487  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1433           -1.0951391  0.0176026   -62.215  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1434           -0.4350860  0.0170727   -25.484  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1435           -1.4176844  0.0189413   -74.846  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1438           -2.6029046  0.0417675   -62.319  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1439           -2.7479277  0.0593684   -46.286  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1447            0.4546690  0.0176243    25.798  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1448           -1.0342746  0.0163201   -63.374  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1449           -0.3791744  0.0157873   -24.018  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1450            0.5677058  0.0151688    37.426  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1451           -0.9273944  0.0164574   -56.351  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1452            0.4443084  0.0152412    29.152  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1453           -0.0604105  0.0171652    -3.519 0.000433 ***
FID.x1454           -0.8213078  0.0172827   -47.522  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1455            1.2496588  0.0153076    81.636  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1456            1.1275029  0.0156451    72.067  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1457           -2.4257589  0.0614284   -39.489  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1467           -0.9775816  0.0250350   -39.049  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1468            0.3348382  0.0151876    22.047  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1469           -0.9180940  0.0166448   -55.158  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1470            0.5115603  0.0153251    33.381  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1471            1.1597197  0.0150357    77.131  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1472           -0.4324646  0.0161428   -26.790  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1473            1.2545914  0.0150682    83.261  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1474            0.2057792  0.0161158    12.769  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1475            0.3096469  0.0165247    18.738  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1476           -3.2989451  0.0606000   -54.438  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1485           -2.1775445  0.0309852   -70.277  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1486            0.2392548  0.0152899    15.648  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1487           -1.9793071  0.0215623   -91.795  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1488           -0.4598373  0.0157958   -29.111  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1489           -0.6333731  0.0168794   -37.523  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1490           -0.2145997  0.0156568   -13.706  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1491            0.3941441  0.0153833    25.622  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1492            1.1217658  0.0151244    74.169  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1493            1.2003402  0.0155651    77.117  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1505           -4.8084878  0.1674608   -28.714  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1506            0.4489019  0.0151727    29.586  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1507           -0.8333916  0.0161360   -51.648  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1508            0.1440252  0.0176573     8.157 3.44e-16 ***
FID.x1509            0.2744383  0.0153653    17.861  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1511            1.1622140  0.0150604    77.170  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1512            1.8218134  0.0155473   117.179  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1513            1.4199379  0.0157825    89.969  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1523           -0.4450253  0.0187969   -23.675  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1524            0.0052812  0.0155578     0.339 0.734263    
FID.x1525           -0.1334534  0.0155707    -8.571  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1526           -0.5326182  0.0163250   -32.626  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1527           -0.9519339  0.0167543   -56.817  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1528           -1.3617815  0.0188468   -72.255  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1529            0.0388513  0.0159971     2.429 0.015155 *  
FID.x1530            0.8468465  0.0153029    55.339  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1531            0.4350000  0.0166596    26.111  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1543           -0.0146040  0.0158807    -0.920 0.357779    
FID.x1544           -0.1215074  0.0154629    -7.858 3.90e-15 ***
FID.x1545            0.3919136  0.0152108    25.766  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1546           -0.5157802  0.0160318   -32.172  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1547            0.7429381  0.0152387    48.754  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1548            0.5735045  0.0154458    37.130  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1549            1.1770604  0.0150563    78.177  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x155            -1.8834510  0.0777774   -24.216  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1550           -1.1986504  0.0191212   -62.687  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1551            1.4047924  0.0153908    91.275  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1562            0.1684369  0.0155454    10.835  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1563            0.0307517  0.0154076     1.996 0.045947 *  
FID.x1564           -0.4588641  0.0156841   -29.257  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1565           -2.3409891  0.0247855   -94.450  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1566            0.1489587  0.0156168     9.538  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1567            0.8590891  0.0151262    56.795  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1568            0.5685649  0.0153378    37.070  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1569            0.9995682  0.0152939    65.357  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x157            -2.9869270  0.0489487   -61.022  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1570            2.6813396  0.0160454   167.109  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x158            -0.2096206  0.0174728   -11.997  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1581           -1.0484714  0.0173180   -60.542  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1582           -0.1092122  0.0154775    -7.056 1.71e-12 ***
FID.x1583           -0.9847764  0.0163147   -60.361  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1584           -1.6566311  0.0180796   -91.630  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1586            0.8824982  0.0151780    58.143  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1587            1.2549197  0.0150500    83.383  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1588            0.7330639  0.0153228    47.841  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1589            0.7245559  0.0155990    46.449  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x159             0.7026344  0.0150023    46.835  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1590           -0.8183469  0.0287574   -28.457  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1600           -0.2394580  0.0157376   -15.216  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1601           -0.3147344  0.0168691   -18.657  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1602           -1.4187452  0.0176793   -80.249  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1603           -2.6287183  0.0278005   -94.556  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1605            0.5813827  0.0152849    38.036  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1606            0.2454629  0.0156407    15.694  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1607            1.4406952  0.0150835    95.515  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1608            1.4976935  0.0152242    98.376  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1609            1.2615970  0.0188379    66.971  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1619            0.4106659  0.0154481    26.584  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1620           -0.2871103  0.0159545   -17.996  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1621           -0.2896626  0.0160278   -18.072  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1622           -2.2524838  0.0198655  -113.387  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1623           -2.5254638  0.0312687   -80.767  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1624           -2.9547084  0.0359060   -82.290  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1625            1.1105214  0.0152689    72.731  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1626            1.0846720  0.0151954    71.382  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1627            1.1117054  0.0152092    73.094  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1628            0.3429828  0.0165411    20.735  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1629           -0.5525029  0.0319275   -17.305  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1638           -0.5496481  0.0163537   -33.610  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1639            0.6162296  0.0151139    40.772  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1640            0.4081382  0.0151943    26.861  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1644            1.1556671  0.0154702    74.703  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1645            0.9471908  0.0153355    61.765  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1646            1.4632281  0.0151600    96.519  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1647           -1.3563760  0.0365127   -37.148  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1657            0.2335908  0.0155815    14.992  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1658           -0.3195175  0.0158057   -20.215  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1659            0.0161443  0.0153668     1.051 0.293444    
FID.x1660           -0.6831761  0.0163920   -41.677  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1662           -3.3477793  0.0626474   -53.438  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1664            0.5744299  0.0160850    35.712  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1665            2.2323697  0.0149643   149.180  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1666           -1.8979084  0.0374697   -50.652  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1667            2.1537917  0.0182633   117.930  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1676            0.0596706  0.0154864     3.853 0.000117 ***
FID.x1677            0.3193623  0.0153899    20.751  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1678            0.5967603  0.0152568    39.114  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1681           -1.6513390  0.0293486   -56.266  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1683            1.7399092  0.0169394   102.714  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1684            1.1861002  0.0153916    77.062  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1695            0.2687494  0.0158485    16.957  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1696           -1.3693161  0.0191675   -71.439  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1697            0.7229761  0.0178227    40.565  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1698            0.3034389  0.0154339    19.661  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1701           -3.3430191  0.0528313   -63.277  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1703            1.0391517  0.0154888    67.091  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1704            1.5299833  0.0172053    88.925  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1714            0.3951992  0.0154046    25.655  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1715           -1.3053837  0.0175800   -74.254  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1716           -0.6164382  0.0170744   -36.103  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1717           -4.9190297  0.1332936   -36.904  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1720           -3.0863082  0.0607552   -50.799  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1722            0.6111698  0.0171080    35.724  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1734           -0.9833816  0.0171970   -57.183  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1735            0.3996809  0.0157550    25.368  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1736            0.2840069  0.0155423    18.273  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1739           -1.8744818  0.0319595   -58.652  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1741            0.7520848  0.0173324    43.392  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1752           -0.2055982  0.0161289   -12.747  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1753            0.3959781  0.0153344    25.823  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1754            0.9825420  0.0152432    64.458  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1757           -3.2734703  0.0492530   -66.462  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x176            -4.2337359  0.0824294   -51.362  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x177            -3.2857542  0.0443846   -74.029  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1772           -0.6453970  0.0169195   -38.145  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1773            1.3326318  0.0149760    88.985  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1774           -0.2448689  0.0161434   -15.168  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1775            0.7473024  0.0153023    48.836  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1777           -4.2200255  0.0893714   -47.219  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x178            -3.8432546  0.1107204   -34.711  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1790           -0.3301052  0.0165616   -19.932  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1791           -2.0502670  0.0199724  -102.655  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1792            0.3821071  0.0153153    24.949  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1793           -0.5227226  0.0181286   -28.834  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1794            0.6925231  0.0153200    45.204  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1795           -0.5380972  0.0164640   -32.683  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1796            0.1424808  0.0159462     8.935  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1810           -0.0436824  0.0157809    -2.768 0.005639 ** 
FID.x1811            0.5195844  0.0151696    34.252  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1812            0.1164083  0.0155235     7.499 6.44e-14 ***
FID.x1813            0.7880834  0.0152718    51.604  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1814            0.6622732  0.0152731    43.362  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1815           -0.7862947  0.0172680   -45.535  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1816           -1.3775398  0.0215436   -63.942  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1829            0.3545776  0.0157648    22.492  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1830            0.7731543  0.0151529    51.024  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1831            0.0899127  0.0154198     5.831 5.51e-09 ***
FID.x1832            0.1200723  0.0153949     7.799 6.22e-15 ***
FID.x1833           -1.2686758  0.0186055   -68.188  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1834            1.0290485  0.0152347    67.546  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1848           -0.3221255  0.0164695   -19.559  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1849            0.3894348  0.0152847    25.479  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1850           -4.1641601  0.0758163   -54.924  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1851            0.3337331  0.0151971    21.960  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1852            0.1480348  0.0155477     9.521  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1853            0.3731854  0.0153985    24.235  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1854           -0.6124548  0.0200474   -30.550  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1867            0.3883915  0.0154727    25.102  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1868           -1.1449864  0.0168273   -68.043  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1869           -1.5881104  0.0252407   -62.919  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1870            1.5823569  0.0149496   105.846  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1871           -0.0367956  0.0161474    -2.279 0.022683 *  
FID.x1872            0.2358713  0.0156790    15.044  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1886           -0.7451591  0.0173269   -43.006  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1887            0.6475548  0.0152468    42.472  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1888           -0.7007607  0.0163077   -42.971  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1889           -0.0020818  0.0153763    -0.135 0.892305    
FID.x1890           -0.2935778  0.0160399   -18.303  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1891            1.2604019  0.0150968    83.488  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1892           -3.4108077  0.0686168   -49.708  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1904           -2.8674334  0.1021097   -28.082  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1905           -2.3954067  0.0237596  -100.818  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1906           -1.3226906  0.0172777   -76.555  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1907           -0.0072451  0.0156426    -0.463 0.643245    
FID.x1908            0.0530275  0.0153657     3.451 0.000558 ***
FID.x1909           -0.4950509  0.0163195   -30.335  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1910           -3.0041345  0.0401532   -74.817  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1925           -1.4643852  0.0195549   -74.886  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1926           -2.1197907  0.0205631  -103.087  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1927            0.4857847  0.0152019    31.956  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1928            0.8556189  0.0153601    55.704  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1929           -0.1868362  0.0158299   -11.803  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x194            -2.9547773  0.0839212   -35.209  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1943           -0.6150752  0.0183085   -33.595  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1944           -2.2273055  0.0212807  -104.663  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1945            0.3971208  0.0153822    25.817  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1946            0.8704405  0.0151090    57.611  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1947            1.0471741  0.0151663    69.046  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1948            0.3538629  0.0157070    22.529  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x195             1.1638622  0.0154976    75.099  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x196            -1.6147721  0.0249740   -64.658  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1964           -0.6131573  0.0162827   -37.657  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1965           -0.4510227  0.0165748   -27.211  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1966            0.0051844  0.0155537     0.333 0.738893    
FID.x1967            0.3314612  0.0155875    21.264  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1982           -1.1562297  0.0179474   -64.423  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1983           -1.2412820  0.0181748   -68.297  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1984           -0.2776299  0.0159028   -17.458  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1985            0.1749050  0.0155284    11.264  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x1986           -0.4444031  0.0248376   -17.892  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x20             -3.6682731  0.1010121   -36.315  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2001           -3.3732559  0.0812653   -41.509  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2002           -3.3357036  0.0408308   -81.696  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2003           -2.5944251  0.0285694   -90.811  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2004           -0.1229167  0.0161129    -7.628 2.38e-14 ***
FID.x2005           -1.1652158  0.0181461   -64.213  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2020           -2.8972513  0.0415602   -69.712  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2021           -1.6309728  0.0246755   -66.097  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2022           -1.3842087  0.0196763   -70.349  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2023           -1.4232638  0.0193304   -73.628  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2024           -3.5180311  0.0554651   -63.428  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2041           -4.0419036  0.0524803   -77.018  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2042           -1.6212316  0.0235963   -68.707  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2043           -2.3341467  0.0226712  -102.957  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2044           -2.5107154  0.0382372   -65.662  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2060           -1.7028607  0.0419376   -40.605  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2061           -0.3345745  0.0184958   -18.089  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2062           -2.4662847  0.0240489  -102.553  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2063           -4.2445301  0.1017157   -41.729  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2078            0.2666213  0.0170652    15.624  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2081           -3.6172618  0.0611449   -59.159  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2082           -2.1035476  0.0234427   -89.732  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2097           -1.6463144  0.0233682   -70.451  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2098           -0.9227950  0.0178726   -51.632  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2101           -1.0290173  0.0190450   -54.031  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2114           -0.0756586  0.0228606    -3.310 0.000934 ***
FID.x2118           -0.4651152  0.0173254   -26.846  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2120           -1.7533224  0.0203444   -86.182  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2136           -1.1266178  0.0181402   -62.106  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2139           -4.4004566  0.0661579   -66.514  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x214            -4.4553177  0.1569429   -28.388  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x215            -2.7972315  0.0530969   -52.682  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2152           -0.9227863  0.0254123   -36.313  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2157           -1.6996335  0.0207764   -81.806  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x216            -3.5060233  0.1587482   -22.085  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2176           -2.0021910  0.0208260   -96.139  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2177           -3.3743899  0.0364059   -92.688  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2195           -2.4873046  0.0304256   -81.750  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2196           -0.9526735  0.0183324   -51.967  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x2266           -0.7831691  0.0398658   -19.645  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x232            -3.9552667  0.0587902   -67.278  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x233            -2.0086721  0.0308485   -65.114  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x234            -2.6679155  0.0428654   -62.239  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x251            -3.1976464  0.0416623   -76.752  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x252            -3.5245555  0.0455069   -77.451  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x253            -2.9456047  0.0474637   -62.060  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x269            -6.6530764  0.3339597   -19.922  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x270            -4.0103956  0.0518977   -77.275  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x271            -0.0534685  0.0168545    -3.172 0.001512 ** 
FID.x289            -4.8231169  0.0655422   -73.588  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x290            -2.7868625  0.0730427   -38.154  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x291            -2.2217243  0.0487950   -45.532  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x307            -2.4326880  0.0315005   -77.227  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x308            -4.1043675  0.0466418   -87.998  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x309            -2.8791748  0.0436950   -65.893  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x328            -2.7530087  0.0399588   -68.896  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x329            -1.9596466  0.0302674   -64.744  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x346            -3.0211976  0.0345250   -87.508  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x347            -3.7390982  0.0540833   -69.136  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x348            -2.4997341  0.0483951   -51.653  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x365            -2.2562475  0.0374229   -60.291  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x366            -3.6711624  0.0507894   -72.282  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x367             1.8811659  0.0144106   130.541  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x368            -2.1893484  0.0477485   -45.852  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x369            -1.4138553  0.0271603   -52.056  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x384            -4.7757019  0.0894027   -53.418  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x385            -2.7923745  0.0328507   -85.002  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x386            -2.9602402  0.0381364   -77.622  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x387            -3.2355683  0.0792390   -40.833  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x388            -2.1658485  0.0270969   -79.930  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x39             -5.8936229  0.1402464   -42.023  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x403            -3.2538027  0.0608952   -53.433  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x404            -3.6226933  0.0468489   -77.327  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x405            -2.2659555  0.0313920   -72.182  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x406             1.0339941  0.0158069    65.414  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x407            -2.1443679  0.0245096   -87.491  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x41             -4.6079300  0.0886330   -51.989  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x423            -2.0108649  0.0312293   -64.390  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x424            -1.3431805  0.0226843   -59.212  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x425             1.0150027  0.0153464    66.139  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x426            -1.1358900  0.0218547   -51.975  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x441            -3.4646170  0.0594447   -58.283  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x442            -5.0657453  0.2504958   -20.223  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x443            -0.4341957  0.0184319   -23.557  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x444             0.0405351  0.0163266     2.483 0.013037 *  
FID.x446            -4.5987395  0.1395186   -32.961  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x447            -2.6155407  0.0608631   -42.974  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x460            -3.3208780  0.0370160   -89.715  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x461            -2.7367017  0.0287702   -95.123  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x462            -1.0181079  0.0179706   -56.654  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x463             1.5733705  0.0148994   105.600  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x464            -1.8319834  0.0281866   -64.995  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x465            -1.9704435  0.0397480   -49.573  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x466            -3.5169545  0.1383715   -25.417  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x479            -4.3726486  0.0823158   -53.120  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x480            -2.1843968  0.0252689   -86.446  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x481            -2.5310687  0.0272137   -93.007  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x482             1.2954459  0.0149017    86.933  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x483             1.8675248  0.0150066   124.447  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x485            -1.4063201  0.0293335   -47.942  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x486            -3.4206508  0.1382555   -24.742  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x487            -3.5008308  0.2047679   -17.097  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x488            -4.6622448  0.5783972    -8.061 7.59e-16 ***
FID.x498            -4.3748122  0.0560549   -78.045  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x499            -1.8863973  0.0397262   -47.485  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x500            -2.4078322  0.0238778  -100.840  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x501             1.1935465  0.0149702    79.728  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x502             0.6307770  0.0161787    38.988  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x506            -2.8925809  0.0948707   -30.490  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x507            -0.5229651  0.0499119   -10.478  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x517            -5.5730587  0.2244038   -24.835  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x518            -3.8507276  0.0460817   -83.563  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x519            -2.3568768  0.0389122   -60.569  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x520             2.3363974  0.0147197   158.726  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x521             0.8530222  0.0153701    55.499  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x523            -3.8653359  0.1083032   -35.690  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x527            -3.5393664  0.1084117   -32.647  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x528            -3.6792431  0.1972193   -18.656  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x529            -0.3143759  0.0573681    -5.480 4.25e-08 ***
FID.x536            -2.5188860  0.0516931   -48.728  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x537            -2.7040694  0.0299225   -90.369  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x538            -2.5118237  0.0245537  -102.299  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x539             0.6013367  0.0151779    39.619  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x540            -2.1912949  0.0606695   -36.119  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x546            -2.9034430  0.1099925   -26.397  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x547            -4.6768448  0.2684500   -17.422  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x556            -3.9305825  0.0463538   -84.795  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x557            -2.8072334  0.0325311   -86.294  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x558            -1.9820811  0.0226770   -87.405  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x559             1.2670324  0.0150626    84.118  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x561            -1.6820355  0.0356441   -47.190  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x576            -3.1042554  0.0418433   -74.188  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x577             0.7417981  0.0151669    48.909  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x59             -5.3006423  0.1276424   -41.527  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x594            -1.3887962  0.0219347   -63.315  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x595             0.0729720  0.0159375     4.579 4.68e-06 ***
FID.x596             0.2932825  0.0155634    18.844  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x597             1.4661289  0.0149676    97.954  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x599             1.3779004  0.0164935    83.542  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x60             -2.4362394  0.0294204   -82.808  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x61             -5.2726250  0.1299656   -40.569  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x612            -1.4878982  0.0269450   -55.220  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x613            -3.5733764  0.0460166   -77.654  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x614             1.3005059  0.0150540    86.389  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x615             1.5494437  0.0150397   103.024  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x616             0.2576963  0.0168621    15.283  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x632            -1.9521322  0.0265204   -73.609  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x633             0.2441995  0.0158242    15.432  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x634             0.1562095  0.0158476     9.857  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x635             1.2665705  0.0150204    84.323  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x637            -1.6951214  0.0352163   -48.135  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x653            -1.8988922  0.0230887   -82.243  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x656            -2.3970147  0.0459976   -52.112  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x670            -1.4708964  0.0220755   -66.630  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x672            -1.2130858  0.0190877   -63.553  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x673             0.8577979  0.0152647    56.195  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x688            -2.0131386  0.0309989   -64.942  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x689             0.0402553  0.0162964     2.470 0.013504 *  
FID.x690            -2.7649269  0.0312194   -88.565  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x691             1.3537323  0.0150115    90.180  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x692             0.3095638  0.0167445    18.487  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x694             2.3663714  0.0151483   156.214  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x699            -2.8466966  0.0737842   -38.581  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x709            -2.5961735  0.0276467   -93.905  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x710             0.4340945  0.0152574    28.451  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x711             0.1747520  0.0157995    11.061  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x712             0.7901421  0.0163133    48.435  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x713             1.6025701  0.0156152   102.629  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x714             0.0073811  0.0180361     0.409 0.682362    
FID.x726            -3.5467962  0.0510483   -69.479  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x727             1.0721750  0.0152408    70.349  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x728             1.0599430  0.0150342    70.502  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x729             0.7776624  0.0152397    51.029  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x730             1.6847961  0.0152933   110.166  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x731             0.0292843  0.0182449     1.605 0.108479    
FID.x732             1.7488066  0.0150830   115.946  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x733             1.0491556  0.0157665    66.543  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x737            -1.0684940  0.0316715   -33.737  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x745            -2.8743123  0.0412105   -69.747  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x747            -1.2665748  0.0177031   -71.546  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x748             0.7246079  0.0151517    47.824  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x749             1.1190131  0.0151011    74.101  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x750             1.1797896  0.0153414    76.902  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x751             1.3883975  0.0155618    89.218  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x752             2.2815953  0.0149621   152.492  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x753             1.4818547  0.0160325    92.428  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x756            -1.5379868  0.0330978   -46.468  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x763            -4.0877706  0.0793400   -51.522  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x765             0.1885774  0.0155458    12.130  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x766            -0.7389076  0.0171081   -43.191  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x767             0.5128254  0.0153864    33.330  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x768            -0.3039168  0.0165820   -18.328  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x769             0.6732148  0.0156139    43.116  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x77             -4.5821160  0.0767840   -59.675  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x770             1.1840885  0.0152420    77.686  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x771             0.7488876  0.0159318    47.006  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x772             2.6968003  0.0153268   175.954  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x773            -1.0389970  0.0298887   -34.762  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x774            -2.3998619  0.0459704   -52.205  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x775            -0.6051134  0.0235750   -25.668  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x78             -3.8015698  0.0830745   -45.761  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x783            -2.3722964  0.0351844   -67.425  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x784            -1.0639157  0.0188157   -56.544  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x785            -1.8019209  0.0228815   -78.750  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x786             0.8567239  0.0158099    54.189  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x787             1.6514646  0.0149402   110.538  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x788             1.5190347  0.0158198    96.021  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x789            -0.5503340  0.0181872   -30.259  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x79             -1.8036423  0.0240487   -75.000  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x790            -0.3969134  0.0177775   -22.327  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x791            -0.1168323  0.0167530    -6.974 3.08e-12 ***
FID.x792            -2.9186549  0.0737017   -39.601  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x793            -2.1265270  0.0348504   -61.019  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x794            -2.5189853  0.0427980   -58.858  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x80             -3.3650781  0.0512096   -65.712  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x802            -1.6165198  0.0198792   -81.317  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x803            -0.1091323  0.0161464    -6.759 1.39e-11 ***
FID.x804            -3.3326145  0.0369171   -90.273  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x805             1.0918674  0.0150960    72.328  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x806            -0.2204863  0.0184992   -11.919  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x808             1.2542511  0.0151724    82.666  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x809            -0.6494276  0.0182293   -35.625  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x81             -3.2343896  0.1334742   -24.232  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x810            -1.0771259  0.0211005   -51.048  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x811            -2.0065901  0.0292931   -68.500  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x812            -3.9414516  0.0656317   -60.054  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x813            -1.6146215  0.0327285   -49.334  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x821            -0.1474494  0.0189295    -7.789 6.73e-15 ***
FID.x822            -0.1160051  0.0156695    -7.403 1.33e-13 ***
FID.x823            -2.1748271  0.0225359   -96.505  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x824            -0.6939605  0.0169930   -40.838  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x825             0.8187200  0.0152416    53.716  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x828             1.1419357  0.0152626    74.819  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x830             0.5990855  0.0164122    36.502  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x831            -2.8952032  0.0390329   -74.173  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x832            -0.2267293  0.0172955   -13.109  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x839            -1.2239435  0.0198826   -61.559  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x840             0.2524500  0.0153238    16.474  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x841             1.1323731  0.0149548    75.720  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x842            -1.8837208  0.0220935   -85.261  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x843            -1.4716441  0.0227363   -64.727  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x844             0.7138106  0.0156484    45.615  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x845            -1.7153445  0.0225080   -76.210  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x846             2.0086192  0.0149505   134.352  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x849            -5.3966211  0.2137494   -25.247  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x850             2.1510396  0.0151971   141.543  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x851            -3.5164154  0.0622497   -56.489  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x858            -1.3318403  0.0192960   -69.022  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x859             0.7280780  0.0154148    47.233  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x860             1.5905422  0.0148886   106.829  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x861            -1.7646161  0.0254321   -69.385  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x862            -0.5283921  0.0173574   -30.442  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x863            -1.6913994  0.0220625   -76.664  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x864             0.5729699  0.0156496    36.612  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x865            -1.0213480  0.0184752   -55.282  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x866             1.1585032  0.0156959    73.810  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x868            -2.7826715  0.0506867   -54.899  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x870            -2.8334147  0.0332240   -85.282  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x871            -7.2782727  1.0001139    -7.277 3.40e-13 ***
FID.x877            -0.9460903  0.0166273   -56.900  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x878             0.4467724  0.0151180    29.552  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x879             0.2640658  0.0153598    17.192  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x881            -0.0531300  0.0163203    -3.255 0.001132 ** 
FID.x882            -0.3996862  0.0170542   -23.436  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x883            -1.7154729  0.0221663   -77.391  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x884             1.4960121  0.0151051    99.040  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x885             1.3630132  0.0161966    84.154  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x889            -1.5173107  0.0204851   -74.069  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x890             3.1130147  0.0152054   204.731  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x896            -0.8592684  0.0170654   -50.352  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x897            -0.6223665  0.0161428   -38.554  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x898            -0.8449762  0.0163345   -51.730  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x899            -1.3630106  0.0181420   -75.130  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x900             0.1661791  0.0156356    10.628  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x901            -0.1116382  0.0164006    -6.807 9.97e-12 ***
FID.x902            -1.5174437  0.0326581   -46.465  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x903             1.6091275  0.0151409   106.277  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x904             1.6361355  0.0156492   104.551  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x906            -1.4846586  0.0287420   -51.655  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x908             1.2026173  0.0152879    78.665  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x909             2.0331283  0.0150572   135.027  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x914            -2.7980553  0.0335165   -83.483  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x915            -2.8914456  0.0350229   -82.559  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x916            -2.0887008  0.0215445   -96.948  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x917            -1.3287861  0.0180427   -73.647  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x918            -1.9759226  0.0215214   -91.812  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x919            -0.0993098  0.0161981    -6.131 8.74e-10 ***
FID.x921             0.4505152  0.0176349    25.547  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x922             2.0681797  0.0153999   134.298  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x926             0.0716527  0.0173845     4.122 3.76e-05 ***
FID.x927             1.1729594  0.0153612    76.359  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x928            -3.5286858  0.0504816   -69.900  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x934            -1.4463551  0.0183717   -78.727  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x935            -0.5433224  0.0162762   -33.381  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x936             0.1716350  0.0155848    11.013  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x937            -1.7071399  0.0201029   -84.920  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x938            -0.5494954  0.0161743   -33.973  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x944            -1.5341096  0.0290881   -52.740  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x946             0.8000480  0.0153556    52.101  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x947             0.6569409  0.0155173    42.336  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x952             0.0205593  0.0157514     1.305 0.191813    
FID.x953            -0.9629883  0.0165780   -58.088  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x954             0.0558100  0.0155288     3.594 0.000326 ***
FID.x955            -0.9379445  0.0172334   -54.426  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x963            -4.3193721  0.2504710   -17.245  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x965             0.5666472  0.0155395    36.465  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x966             1.3541420  0.0155358    87.162  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x971            -0.6536134  0.0164821   -39.656  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x972            -1.3099766  0.0177677   -73.728  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x973            -1.2586191  0.0169893   -74.083  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x974            -1.0477695  0.0176693   -59.299  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x976             0.4690870  0.0154649    30.332  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x98             -3.7194870  0.1004828   -37.016  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x982            -5.4452032  0.1423707   -38.247  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x984             0.4268725  0.0158314    26.964  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x985            -1.1847295  0.0188587   -62.822  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x989            -2.5564626  0.0459723   -55.609  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x99             -3.4254907  0.0736844   -46.489  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x990            -2.9218342  0.0359620   -81.248  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x991            -1.2787409  0.0252023   -50.739  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x992             0.8471705  0.0150850    56.160  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x993            -1.6333883  0.0231697   -70.497  < 2e-16 ***
FID.x994            -0.2662966  0.0161008   -16.539  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1000           -0.3743059  0.0154325   -24.254  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1001           -5.4418265  0.0857688   -63.448  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1002           -2.1437116  0.0146655  -146.174  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1003            0.0628918  0.0128213     4.905 9.33e-07 ***
FID.y1004           -3.8381231  0.0205750  -186.543  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1009           -1.8397660  0.0151716  -121.263  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y101            -3.5106014  0.0324813  -108.081  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1010           -1.2714976  0.0142958   -88.942  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1011           -3.0694957  0.0215993  -142.111  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1012           -2.6836121  0.0161558  -166.108  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1013           -3.2525395  0.0207880  -156.463  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1022           -2.9546884  0.0148296  -199.242  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1023           -2.2972533  0.0137923  -166.560  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1024           -0.5313195  0.0134133   -39.611  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1027           -0.5119337  0.0133869   -38.242  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1029           -2.9673731  0.0208644  -142.222  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1030           -2.1239145  0.0142717  -148.820  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1032           -2.1721276  0.0146209  -148.563  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1039           -3.3175981  0.0318033  -104.316  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1040           -3.3628484  0.0182705  -184.058  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1041           -2.9440136  0.0142606  -206.443  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1042           -2.2461655  0.0141941  -158.246  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1047           -2.4730153  0.0162199  -152.468  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1048           -2.3622123  0.0151885  -155.527  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1049           -0.8358900  0.0131577   -63.529  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1060           -1.9969116  0.0139084  -143.576  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1061           -0.6915086  0.0129994   -53.195  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1062           -1.2464478  0.0135641   -91.893  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1063           -3.5493042  0.0434249   -81.734  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1065           -0.3041181  0.0130429   -23.317  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1066           -1.3194099  0.0135285   -97.528  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1067           -1.3223528  0.0134245   -98.503  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1068           -2.5734202  0.0153266  -167.905  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1070           -1.0632840  0.0133896   -79.411  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1077           -3.3568751  0.0312935  -107.271  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1079           -2.0726888  0.0137279  -150.984  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1080           -1.8758984  0.0137330  -136.598  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1081           -1.3023089  0.0139465   -93.379  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1085           -1.6557654  0.0143432  -115.439  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1086           -1.9612017  0.0144640  -135.592  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1088           -2.0001510  0.0146839  -136.214  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1089           -2.2896398  0.0152296  -150.341  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1096           -6.6440814  0.2777662   -23.920  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1099           -2.9437463  0.0151987  -193.683  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1100           -2.5056105  0.0167866  -149.262  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1101           -1.8011765  0.0159665  -112.810  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1103           -1.4758481  0.0138916  -106.240  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1104           -0.9075212  0.0132023   -68.740  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1105           -2.2100279  0.0175565  -125.881  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1106           -2.6396947  0.0166819  -158.237  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1107           -2.0732305  0.0147599  -140.464  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1114           -4.5954449  0.0587065   -78.278  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1115           -2.7362697  0.0274652   -99.627  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1118           -2.1598782  0.0139639  -154.676  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1119           -2.1901369  0.0150953  -145.087  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1122           -2.8352682  0.0170083  -166.699  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1123           -2.3848263  0.0153709  -155.152  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1124           -1.2721979  0.0135403   -93.956  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1127           -2.3460337  0.0150632  -155.746  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1137           -2.8571433  0.0152256  -187.654  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1138           -1.7124492  0.0140759  -121.658  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1139           -0.8571698  0.0136795   -62.661  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1141           -3.0324353  0.0177181  -171.149  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1142           -0.7577506  0.0130299   -58.155  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1143           -1.6919179  0.0145634  -116.176  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1144           -1.7089795  0.0146855  -116.372  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1145           -1.6396811  0.0142081  -115.405  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1146           -3.0096074  0.0203035  -148.231  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y115             0.1360063  0.0264163     5.149 2.62e-07 ***
FID.y1151           -6.7901284  0.1111963   -61.064  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1152           -1.7939395  0.0145304  -123.461  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1156           -1.5762669  0.0134250  -117.413  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1157           -1.9520699  0.0140766  -138.675  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y116            -5.4118058  0.1138917   -47.517  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1160           -0.2865595  0.0130221   -22.006  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1161           -0.7465822  0.0131508   -56.771  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1162           -1.0169592  0.0133420   -76.222  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1163           -1.9947436  0.0157985  -126.261  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1166           -4.3379372  0.0391943  -110.678  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y117            -1.8685754  0.0250083   -74.718  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1170           -5.8312877  0.0722107   -80.754  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1171           -1.8116883  0.0152349  -118.917  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1172           -4.1110582  0.0254941  -161.255  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1175           -2.4454447  0.0144237  -169.543  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1176           -2.6480589  0.0154606  -171.278  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1179           -1.4151886  0.0138765  -101.985  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y118            -2.3471417  0.0273710   -85.753  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1180           -1.2348107  0.0132598   -93.124  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1182           -2.7216508  0.0229126  -118.784  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1183           -1.3926566  0.0136717  -101.864  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1185           -6.5890601  0.1894092   -34.787  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y119            -1.5553595  0.0195020   -79.754  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1191           -3.7748793  0.0201086  -187.725  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1192           -3.7929406  0.0181578  -208.888  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1193           -3.9513542  0.0201663  -195.938  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1194           -1.0568290  0.0131638   -80.283  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1195           -3.1932209  0.0184506  -173.068  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1197           -1.1779875  0.0200112   -58.866  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1198           -3.2247037  0.0189153  -170.481  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1199           -1.6167319  0.0137252  -117.793  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y120            -2.0132478  0.0172571  -116.662  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1200           -1.4505459  0.0136019  -106.643  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1201           -1.6225685  0.0140749  -115.281  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1202           -1.7851464  0.0151860  -117.552  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1203           -0.5607340  0.0135607   -41.350  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1204           -6.7527226  0.2585156   -26.121  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1206           -3.1823278  0.0200268  -158.904  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1207           -2.7890536  0.0179150  -155.683  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1208           -1.1348373  0.0137557   -82.499  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1209           -4.9765856  0.0572590   -86.914  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y121            -1.8862949  0.0165899  -113.702  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1210           -4.6267577  0.0319167  -144.964  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1211           -5.0723697  0.0292782  -173.247  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1212           -1.3560142  0.0132093  -102.656  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1213           -2.7629598  0.0155834  -177.301  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1214           -6.7153060  0.0971010   -69.158  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1217           -1.6387439  0.0144404  -113.483  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1218           -0.3840211  0.0130993   -29.316  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1219           -1.8004437  0.0141702  -127.058  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1220           -0.8901085  0.0135852   -65.520  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1221           -2.5328101  0.0177380  -142.790  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1224           -1.6818029  0.0139839  -120.267  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1225           -3.0290575  0.0172029  -176.079  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1226           -2.8772266  0.0166635  -172.667  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1228           -3.4766940  0.0224453  -154.896  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1229           -1.3732785  0.0132009  -104.029  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1230           -2.7781938  0.0142603  -194.820  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1231           -2.9471936  0.0146377  -201.342  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1232           -2.6145519  0.0154103  -169.663  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1233           -4.1505156  0.0317025  -130.921  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1237           -2.4849709  0.0153842  -161.527  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1238           -2.3927273  0.0152017  -157.399  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1239           -0.6814581  0.0130740   -52.123  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1240           -1.8071808  0.0146899  -123.022  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1241           -1.7542544  0.0143489  -122.257  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1242           -4.6419636  0.0348072  -133.362  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1243           -3.4225686  0.0189634  -180.483  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1244           -1.5717614  0.0145212  -108.239  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1245           -3.3599922  0.0210823  -159.375  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1248           -6.0275536  0.0644021   -93.592  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1249           -0.7186558  0.0129414   -55.531  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1250           -0.5470873  0.0128988   -42.414  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1251           -1.3362507  0.0134492   -99.355  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1252           -4.1996817  0.0233591  -179.788  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1255           -1.7091483  0.0140602  -121.559  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1256           -2.0156768  0.0144745  -139.257  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1257           -1.7193713  0.0142895  -120.324  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1258           -1.0277158  0.0134940   -76.161  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1259           -1.7939999  0.0176625  -101.571  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1260           -2.3482462  0.0151859  -154.633  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1261           -1.5912601  0.0136314  -116.735  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1262           -2.2589432  0.0143646  -157.258  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1263           -1.6404202  0.0136446  -120.225  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1264           -2.5328951  0.0147086  -172.205  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1265           -2.9211174  0.0187305  -155.955  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1267           -3.5113240  0.0168493  -208.395  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1268           -1.6805178  0.0131045  -128.239  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1269           -2.4314212  0.0137885  -176.337  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1271           -2.8602184  0.0253446  -112.853  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1275           -0.7242374  0.0131435   -55.102  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1276           -1.5809411  0.0143084  -110.491  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1277           -0.9453718  0.0132120   -71.554  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1278           -1.4031909  0.0136716  -102.635  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1279           -1.8540822  0.0138477  -133.891  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1280           -1.5892520  0.0136813  -116.162  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1281           -2.0508805  0.0142700  -143.720  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1282           -2.0588586  0.0137921  -149.278  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1283           -2.0231775  0.0138006  -146.601  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1284           -2.4538655  0.0147805  -166.021  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1287           -2.8568035  0.0141018  -202.584  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1288           -2.3106443  0.0137079  -168.563  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1293           -0.9815945  0.0134830   -72.803  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1294           -0.5715418  0.0130775   -43.704  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1295           -1.0074577  0.0132149   -76.236  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1296           -1.9179603  0.0155744  -123.148  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1297           -0.9036399  0.0132185   -68.362  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1298           -1.4902101  0.0134165  -111.073  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1299           -2.8029666  0.0162496  -172.494  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1300           -2.1638855  0.0140746  -153.743  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1301           -1.6464191  0.0132805  -123.973  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1302           -0.8557549  0.0130701   -65.474  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1303           -1.5155823  0.0140058  -108.211  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1305           -4.4773015  0.0208085  -215.167  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1306           -2.7095149  0.0139725  -193.917  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1307           -1.6988615  0.0140275  -121.110  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1313           -0.3443432  0.0129756   -26.538  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1314           -1.1475566  0.0135147   -84.912  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1315           -2.2312199  0.0167928  -132.867  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1316           -1.7118225  0.0143824  -119.022  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1317           -1.6896572  0.0138165  -122.293  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1318           -1.0924289  0.0133464   -81.852  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1319           -0.1927466  0.0128457   -15.005  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1320           -2.9389595  0.0149484  -196.607  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1321           -1.7517785  0.0133241  -131.475  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1322           -1.9030333  0.0142041  -133.977  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1325           -2.8538561  0.0145129  -196.643  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1326           -3.5893218  0.0164474  -218.230  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1331           -1.4055898  0.0144111   -97.535  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1332           -0.4988873  0.0130894   -38.114  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1333           -0.7072055  0.0130203   -54.315  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1334           -0.9944026  0.0132306   -75.160  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1335           -2.0581766  0.0144178  -142.753  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1336           -0.2575696  0.0128122   -20.103  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1337           -1.9315740  0.0135737  -142.302  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1338           -2.7910944  0.0145888  -191.318  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1339           -0.4405757  0.0128444   -34.301  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1340           -1.9202561  0.0138879  -138.268  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1341           -0.9341864  0.0134897   -69.252  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1344           -4.0639909  0.0177606  -228.820  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y135            -1.5457845  0.0357574   -43.230  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1351           -0.7107609  0.0132594   -53.604  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1352           -1.6115804  0.0138669  -116.217  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1353           -0.7362762  0.0130452   -56.440  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1354           -2.0583414  0.0144853  -142.099  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1355           -1.8999989  0.0139713  -135.993  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1356           -1.7111881  0.0133360  -128.313  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1357           -2.0981586  0.0151199  -138.768  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1358           -1.4646857  0.0131890  -111.054  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1359           -1.5630878  0.0133058  -117.474  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y136            -1.6150105  0.0243763   -66.253  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1363           -5.9064985  0.0642389   -91.946  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y137            -0.5230219  0.0185864   -28.140  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1370           -1.6427139  0.0185734   -88.444  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1371           -0.6329601  0.0130287   -48.582  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1372           -1.6379137  0.0141099  -116.082  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1373           -2.3910129  0.0147830  -161.740  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1374           -2.2947242  0.0148989  -154.020  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1375           -1.9448317  0.0136252  -142.738  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1376           -2.5243914  0.0145782  -173.162  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1377           -1.7483049  0.0134717  -129.776  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1378           -0.4796213  0.0133398   -35.954  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1379           -2.8084630  0.0170395  -164.821  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y138            -1.2419162  0.0181452   -68.443  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1382           -5.1002812  0.0312285  -163.322  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1388           -1.9484044  0.0551209   -35.348  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1389           -2.8334005  0.0250078  -113.301  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y139            -3.4162525  0.0292247  -116.896  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1390           -1.1643684  0.0138203   -84.251  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1391           -1.4168577  0.0135335  -104.692  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1392           -1.4374900  0.0133441  -107.725  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1393           -2.2489180  0.0139438  -161.285  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1394           -1.2492180  0.0141999   -87.974  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1395           -2.4853983  0.0157515  -157.788  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1396           -2.6611960  0.0286577   -92.861  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1397           -2.4421272  0.0154273  -158.299  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y140            -2.7403675  0.0208393  -131.500  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1400           -3.2364832  0.0194269  -166.598  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1407           -2.3331092  0.0614677   -37.957  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1408           -2.3454172  0.0201084  -116.639  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1409           -1.4581235  0.0175951   -82.871  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y141            -2.6980220  0.0230917  -116.839  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1410           -0.8999097  0.0131352   -68.511  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1411           -0.9760484  0.0131158   -74.418  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1412           -1.7845166  0.0140746  -126.789  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1413           -3.9843390  0.0208381  -191.204  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1414           -2.9941226  0.0154853  -193.353  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1415           -2.6767207  0.0149701  -178.805  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1416           -2.0512394  0.0140066  -146.448  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1417           -3.8478750  0.0205783  -186.987  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1418           -3.6918779  0.0214196  -172.360  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1419           -2.8429565  0.0174430  -162.985  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1427           -3.1959850  0.1019120   -31.360  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1429           -3.6682436  0.0266838  -137.471  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1430           -1.3752611  0.0133978  -102.648  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1431           -1.2455574  0.0131560   -94.676  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1432           -3.1554277  0.0235820  -133.806  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1433           -2.9795142  0.0173644  -171.588  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1434           -2.3294493  0.0146517  -158.988  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1435           -1.7109973  0.0135733  -126.056  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1438           -3.3389911  0.0179734  -185.774  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1439           -2.8331819  0.0181796  -155.844  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1447           -1.9212035  0.0191192  -100.485  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1448           -2.3283195  0.0144128  -161.545  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1449           -1.9606447  0.0141478  -138.583  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1450           -0.9180559  0.0131634   -69.743  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1451           -3.1517073  0.0161623  -195.004  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1452           -2.1186974  0.0137788  -153.765  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1453           -2.8804857  0.0182919  -157.473  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1454           -1.6092430  0.0132802  -121.176  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1455           -2.2986318  0.0140308  -163.827  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1456           -1.6215806  0.0135712  -119.487  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1457           -3.7268861  0.0285161  -130.694  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1467           -1.7314881  0.0170521  -101.541  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1468           -1.3365391  0.0132514  -100.860  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1469           -0.7614365  0.0131248   -58.015  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1470           -1.7053630  0.0137494  -124.032  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1471            0.0280318  0.0127898     2.192 0.028398 *  
FID.y1472           -3.1338849  0.0153014  -204.810  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1473           -1.0320021  0.0130680   -78.971  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1474           -4.0154761  0.0188137  -213.434  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1475           -3.6710812  0.0169207  -216.959  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1476           -4.1300918  0.0225533  -183.126  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1485           -4.1905121  0.0342930  -122.197  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1486           -1.8317302  0.0138258  -132.486  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1487           -1.9348177  0.0148684  -130.129  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1488           -1.9700545  0.0139997  -140.721  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1489           -1.7743242  0.0147190  -120.547  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1490           -2.4092110  0.0139169  -173.114  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1491           -2.4012254  0.0138110  -173.863  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1492           -1.7787882  0.0132483  -134.265  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1493           -2.7023707  0.0146099  -184.968  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1505           -6.2358830  0.1170022   -53.297  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1506           -1.1966209  0.0131900   -90.722  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1507           -1.1900284  0.0131876   -90.238  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1508           -2.2488915  0.0201520  -111.597  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1509           -2.4116130  0.0142262  -169.519  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1511           -2.0195951  0.0133707  -151.046  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1512           -2.3597973  0.0163359  -144.455  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1513           -3.4013023  0.0171140  -198.744  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1523           -1.6926149  0.0157035  -107.786  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1524           -2.6235299  0.0152242  -172.326  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1525           -1.8612292  0.0137816  -135.052  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1526           -1.6150003  0.0142361  -113.444  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1527           -2.3357787  0.0142077  -164.402  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1528           -3.1225649  0.0158122  -197.478  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1529           -3.7885165  0.0177227  -213.766  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1530           -1.9578903  0.0133523  -146.633  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1531           -3.8121918  0.0184555  -206.562  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1543           -1.9690479  0.0146843  -134.092  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1544           -2.6921557  0.0148806  -180.917  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1545           -2.0686637  0.0139765  -148.011  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1546           -1.4088209  0.0133751  -105.332  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1547           -1.6398251  0.0135342  -121.162  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1548           -1.0245047  0.0130454   -78.534  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1549           -1.9488039  0.0132908  -146.628  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y155            -2.8386167  0.0462053   -61.435  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1550           -4.3185789  0.0196584  -219.681  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1551           -2.9643976  0.0149700  -198.022  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1562           -1.4531568  0.0136677  -106.320  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1563           -1.4133781  0.0133269  -106.055  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1564           -1.2903303  0.0132447   -97.422  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1565           -2.5068199  0.0152287  -164.611  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1566           -1.8441024  0.0135676  -135.919  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1567           -2.0590344  0.0133795  -153.895  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1568           -3.2664782  0.0148859  -219.434  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1569           -2.1271615  0.0134594  -158.042  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y157            -2.2722900  0.0194987  -116.535  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1570           -2.8187563  0.0188569  -149.482  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y158            -1.7345152  0.0158543  -109.403  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1581           -2.4373260  0.0152932  -159.373  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1582           -1.2173215  0.0131624   -92.485  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1583           -1.3323666  0.0132518  -100.542  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1584           -1.7951692  0.0139666  -128.533  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1586           -1.6469252  0.0133391  -123.466  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1587           -0.6791160  0.0128509   -52.846  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1588           -1.5492867  0.0130662  -118.572  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1589           -2.4960897  0.0136711  -182.581  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y159            -3.2580382  0.0306057  -106.452  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1590           -4.9130810  0.0254468  -193.073  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1600           -1.9618561  0.0140869  -139.268  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1601           -2.1780898  0.0142186  -153.186  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1602           -1.1872843  0.0134832   -88.057  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1603           -0.2179601  0.0143840   -15.153  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1605           -2.7738534  0.0142890  -194.125  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1606           -3.2619751  0.0148350  -219.884  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1607           -0.9398609  0.0128922   -72.901  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1608           -3.0678414  0.0145136  -211.377  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1609           -4.0020633  0.0244617  -163.605  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1619           -1.1299596  0.0134973   -83.717  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1620           -1.7334447  0.0138177  -125.451  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1621           -1.6351999  0.0143760  -113.745  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1622           -1.6220207  0.0137586  -117.892  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1623            0.0785116  0.0145625     5.391 6.99e-08 ***
FID.y1624           -4.2353386  0.0248412  -170.497  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1625           -2.1682141  0.0136671  -158.644  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1626           -2.5365506  0.0137092  -185.026  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1627           -2.4606575  0.0136121  -180.770  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1628           -3.4400201  0.0156397  -219.955  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1629           -5.1004742  0.0523737   -97.386  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1638           -2.1686890  0.0146088  -148.451  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1639           -0.8021403  0.0129976   -61.714  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1640           -0.6609461  0.0129824   -50.911  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1644           -3.6151988  0.0168345  -214.750  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1645           -2.9742930  0.0139829  -212.709  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1646           -1.1252959  0.0129476   -86.911  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1647           -5.8621567  0.0434351  -134.964  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1657           -0.8671390  0.0132430   -65.479  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1658           -2.2536628  0.0143092  -157.497  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1659           -2.3437562  0.0142221  -164.797  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1660           -2.2359311  0.0145857  -153.296  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1662           -2.3974803  0.0186062  -128.854  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1664           -3.7895962  0.0170072  -222.822  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1665           -1.0963982  0.0129921   -84.390  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1666           -4.6272761  0.0257291  -179.846  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1667           -2.2836236  0.0204840  -111.483  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1676           -1.8853218  0.0138397  -136.226  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1677           -1.6204838  0.0135575  -119.527  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1678           -1.2535757  0.0133564   -93.856  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1681           -1.3392565  0.0151811   -88.219  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1683           -3.0639958  0.0219422  -139.639  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1684           -2.7876051  0.0141133  -197.516  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1695           -2.2155686  0.0156323  -141.730  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1696           -3.8845808  0.0233259  -166.535  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1697           -2.6631546  0.0251260  -105.992  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1698           -1.4579765  0.0134805  -108.154  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1701           -2.2434866  0.0188597  -118.957  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1703           -2.7003764  0.0140916  -191.630  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1704           -3.6335598  0.0230150  -157.878  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1714           -1.5880029  0.0137069  -115.855  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1715           -2.5605446  0.0148084  -172.912  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1716           -3.2286360  0.0171298  -188.481  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1717           -3.6563073  0.0269418  -135.711  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1720           -2.7541231  0.0243969  -112.888  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1722           -4.1446428  0.0212689  -194.869  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1734           -2.5887639  0.0153077  -169.115  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1735           -1.3994260  0.0140336   -99.720  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1736           -1.3216922  0.0133850   -98.744  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1739           -1.4734766  0.0162028   -90.940  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1741           -4.0960130  0.0225196  -181.886  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1752           -2.0724141  0.0146837  -141.137  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1753           -1.2545826  0.0133407   -94.042  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1754           -2.3566873  0.0149344  -157.802  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1757           -3.0279375  0.0236134  -128.230  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y176            -3.7136882  0.0326032  -113.906  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y177            -2.2112212  0.0158668  -139.362  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1772           -2.4308593  0.0155551  -156.274  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1773           -0.0773197  0.0128198    -6.031 1.63e-09 ***
FID.y1774           -2.7598544  0.0160494  -171.960  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1775           -1.9237292  0.0140064  -137.347  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1777           -1.2768114  0.0169566   -75.299  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y178            -4.5902455  0.0877706   -52.298  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1790           -2.0972502  0.0151502  -138.430  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1791           -2.2819760  0.0142140  -160.545  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1792           -2.3828400  0.0145154  -164.160  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1793           -1.7029096  0.0144500  -117.849  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1794           -2.0143386  0.0140081  -143.798  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1795           -1.9021293  0.0140496  -135.386  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1796           -1.6924903  0.0137986  -122.656  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1810           -2.0024440  0.0141897  -141.120  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1811           -1.8436098  0.0135131  -136.432  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1812           -1.3125315  0.0133017   -98.674  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1813           -1.1359760  0.0132675   -85.621  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1814           -2.1070114  0.0140658  -149.797  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1815           -1.2116014  0.0133915   -90.475  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1816           -4.5279864  0.0307484  -147.259  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1829           -1.4357984  0.0141079  -101.773  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1830           -1.4881910  0.0134316  -110.798  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1831           -1.1675571  0.0131731   -88.632  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1832           -2.4619441  0.0141513  -173.972  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1833           -3.0952040  0.0168854  -183.306  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1834           -1.2127000  0.0133448   -90.875  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1848           -2.8070563  0.0165886  -169.216  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1849           -2.0893464  0.0140068  -149.167  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1850           -2.6400252  0.0173823  -151.880  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1851           -1.1660192  0.0130823   -89.129  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1852           -3.0097521  0.0154721  -194.528  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1853           -2.7438005  0.0150763  -181.995  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1854           -4.5958937  0.0300231  -153.078  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1867           -2.1541300  0.0145177  -148.380  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1868           -2.4314511  0.0147345  -165.017  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1869           -4.3411780  0.0336958  -128.834  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1870            0.3612265  0.0127844    28.255  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1871           -2.9664939  0.0177172  -167.436  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1872           -2.5171434  0.0149925  -167.894  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1886           -2.1020292  0.0148114  -141.919  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1887           -0.6052944  0.0131221   -46.128  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1888           -0.8929920  0.0132010   -67.646  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1889           -2.1357487  0.0137973  -154.795  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1890           -2.7036229  0.0154758  -174.700  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1891            0.0085289  0.0128599     0.663 0.507192    
FID.y1892           -5.0653304  0.0630072   -80.393  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1904           -2.1445407  0.0766436   -27.981  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1905           -3.5371916  0.0196723  -179.806  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1906           -0.7150979  0.0131329   -54.451  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1907           -1.0990749  0.0134145   -81.932  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1908           -2.4435111  0.0141275  -172.961  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1909           -3.3073083  0.0172749  -191.451  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1910           -4.3634531  0.0352236  -123.879  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1925           -1.9866509  0.0155917  -127.417  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1926           -1.9291922  0.0159721  -120.785  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1927           -1.9266985  0.0136844  -140.795  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1928           -2.0160557  0.0145251  -138.798  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1929           -2.4317406  0.0145633  -166.977  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y194            -1.5891346  0.0300670   -52.853  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1943           -2.4300654  0.0189079  -128.521  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1944           -2.5714753  0.0165465  -155.409  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1945           -2.1667428  0.0148667  -145.745  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1946           -0.5835115  0.0129731   -44.979  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1947           -1.5587203  0.0136056  -114.565  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1948           -2.8165349  0.0168593  -167.062  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y195            -1.8126710  0.0199507   -90.858  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y196            -1.4719126  0.0149794   -98.263  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1964           -1.2868491  0.0136800   -94.068  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1965           -3.0344247  0.0168877  -179.683  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1966           -2.6005415  0.0145872  -178.275  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1967           -2.0223190  0.0143275  -141.149  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1982           -1.0535367  0.0146229   -72.047  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1983           -2.3901299  0.0164485  -145.310  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1984           -1.7115943  0.0140025  -122.235  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1985           -1.8705125  0.0138800  -134.764  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y1986           -3.6183632  0.0362557   -99.801  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y20             -0.9558213  0.0478230   -19.987  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2001           -1.1100722  0.0185547   -59.827  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2002           -1.3896344  0.0150143   -92.554  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2003           -0.6665797  0.0145388   -45.848  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2004           -2.3487901  0.0156390  -150.188  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2005           -1.4908530  0.0139339  -106.995  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2020           -0.7032130  0.0160361   -43.852  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2021           -0.1508662  0.0151091    -9.985  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2022           -1.5778326  0.0155656  -101.367  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2023           -2.9654373  0.0184525  -160.707  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2024           -1.5163202  0.0172136   -88.088  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2041           -1.4692415  0.0179966   -81.640  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2042           -3.7708829  0.0288358  -130.771  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2043           -1.8045629  0.0146314  -123.335  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2044           -0.6604767  0.0162774   -40.576  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2060           -2.4836167  0.0277366   -89.543  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2061           -2.1625816  0.0198843  -108.758  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2062           -1.4847418  0.0145925  -101.747  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2063           -2.8523472  0.0343292   -83.088  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2078           -2.4026497  0.0203845  -117.867  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2081           -2.3710657  0.0234774  -100.994  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2082           -1.8330385  0.0159870  -114.658  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2097           -0.3796041  0.0137546   -27.598  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2098           -0.4277588  0.0136243   -31.397  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2101           -1.4580081  0.0157074   -92.823  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2114           -0.9393330  0.0226044   -41.555  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2118           -0.1619533  0.0135508   -11.952  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2120           -2.2727933  0.0178844  -127.082  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2136           -1.3865683  0.0153729   -90.196  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2139           -3.3831413  0.0322180  -105.008  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y214            -3.7775790  0.0312479  -120.891  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y215            -2.8772027  0.0191223  -150.463  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2152           -2.3654637  0.0307310   -76.973  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2157           -0.4042150  0.0142476   -28.371  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y216            -3.0231893  0.0319022   -94.764  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2176            0.2370556  0.0136020    17.428  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2177           -2.7979008  0.0271288  -103.134  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2195           -0.3189633  0.0169190   -18.852  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y2196           -0.0090793  0.0143285    -0.634 0.526307    
FID.y2266           -0.4200521  0.0230548   -18.220  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y232            -0.7307703  0.0193051   -37.854  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y233            -2.7622551  0.0228200  -121.045  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y234            -1.6587117  0.0168765   -98.285  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y251            -0.6816071  0.0195967   -34.782  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y252            -2.2097287  0.0174817  -126.402  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y253            -1.8655404  0.0170489  -109.423  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y269            -4.8983957  0.1330664   -36.812  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y270            -1.9349605  0.0201938   -95.820  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y271            -2.4543219  0.0205812  -119.251  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y289            -0.6983165  0.0181594   -38.455  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y290            -2.7720758  0.0259720  -106.733  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y291            -1.7014807  0.0165495  -102.811  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y307             0.0940460  0.0162256     5.796 6.79e-09 ***
FID.y308            -1.1594001  0.0167944   -69.035  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y309            -1.6943116  0.0156409  -108.325  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y328            -1.8157364  0.0180164  -100.782  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y329            -1.7183053  0.0140955  -121.905  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y346            -0.7860719  0.0149345   -52.634  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y347            -1.9843179  0.0144666  -137.165  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y348            -2.9503935  0.0190711  -154.705  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y365            -0.9728840  0.0190649   -51.030  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y366            -1.3421127  0.0157513   -85.206  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y367            -0.9109651  0.0132432   -68.787  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y368            -1.2429344  0.0149871   -82.934  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y369            -0.0570953  0.0132739    -4.301 1.70e-05 ***
FID.y384            -2.8030558  0.0265861  -105.433  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y385            -2.4419822  0.0157659  -154.891  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y386            -4.8141184  0.0260216  -185.005  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y387            -2.2120267  0.0162184  -136.390  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y388            -2.6553707  0.0260107  -102.088  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y39              0.3937055  0.0247319    15.919  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y403            -1.7381337  0.0253092   -68.676  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y404            -2.6695539  0.0209775  -127.258  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y405            -2.9288475  0.0166068  -176.364  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y406            -2.3360032  0.0143848  -162.393  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y407            -2.7229306  0.0171552  -158.723  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y41             -0.8270752  0.0236405   -34.986  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y423            -1.8965671  0.0157081  -120.738  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y424            -2.7930047  0.0149111  -187.310  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y425            -2.3676381  0.0140504  -168.511  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y426            -2.2675971  0.0199200  -113.835  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y441            -1.9048363  0.0255919   -74.431  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y442            -3.9600214  0.0488470   -81.070  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y443            -1.9671147  0.0147640  -133.237  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y444            -4.2543629  0.0192891  -220.558  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y446            -4.9201317  0.0509271   -96.611  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y447            -3.0536072  0.0252434  -120.966  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y460            -1.4612961  0.0192710   -75.829  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y461            -1.7141703  0.0157817  -108.617  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y462            -2.4344616  0.0139487  -174.529  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y463            -2.5506995  0.0137976  -184.865  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y464            -1.5252393  0.0145442  -104.870  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y465            -2.0247183  0.0172399  -117.444  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y466            -3.2884827  0.0317647  -103.526  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y479            -2.2592713  0.0321748   -70.219  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y480             0.1136382  0.0137878     8.242  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y481            -2.2902851  0.0150969  -151.706  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y482            -1.0098143  0.0127358   -79.290  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y483            -2.4015958  0.0139003  -172.773  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y485            -2.8660039  0.0216721  -132.244  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y486            -3.6182644  0.0358511  -100.925  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y487            -3.9658088  0.0444012   -89.318  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y488            -7.5032821  0.5775024   -12.993  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y498            -1.5846573  0.0217865   -72.736  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y499            -1.1215287  0.0162660   -68.949  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y500            -3.0296082  0.0149891  -202.121  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y501            -3.0472761  0.0141381  -215.537  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y502            -1.8397272  0.0145026  -126.855  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y506            -4.3791501  0.0561331   -78.014  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y507            -1.7341542  0.0206523   -83.969  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y508            -4.0497211  0.0684610   -59.154  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y517            -2.3898541  0.0347193   -68.834  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y518            -0.7605634  0.0160949   -47.255  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y519            -2.7132318  0.0204680  -132.559  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y520            -0.0052115  0.0125846    -0.414 0.678790    
FID.y521            -2.7041235  0.0139356  -194.044  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y523            -6.4041397  0.1073699   -59.646  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y527            -4.5461314  0.0671964   -67.654  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y528            -6.1514661  0.2185957   -28.141  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y529            -2.7208296  0.0371498   -73.240  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y536            -2.9017224  0.0268068  -108.246  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y537            -1.7498344  0.0183335   -95.445  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y538            -1.9596886  0.0136969  -143.076  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y539            -2.5436140  0.0134354  -189.321  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y540            -3.0642664  0.0198488  -154.381  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y546            -4.0020434  0.0529784   -75.541  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y547            -3.3288673  0.0461892   -72.070  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y556            -2.6943582  0.0191711  -140.543  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y557            -2.0614681  0.0150239  -137.212  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y558            -3.3170867  0.0154279  -215.006  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y559            -2.5866986  0.0138683  -186.519  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y561            -2.6055269  0.0169101  -154.081  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y576            -2.7056772  0.0164534  -164.444  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y577            -2.5737138  0.0136787  -188.155  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y59             -1.3711926  0.0455877   -30.078  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y594            -1.3098397  0.0142648   -91.823  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y595            -1.9709739  0.0138084  -142.737  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y596            -2.3043759  0.0136961  -168.251  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y597            -1.7150716  0.0130805  -131.117  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y599            -2.3328152  0.0167776  -139.043  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y60             -0.7205992  0.0190280   -37.870  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y61             -1.1575485  0.0234175   -49.431  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y612            -1.2422018  0.0155365   -79.954  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y613            -3.2003437  0.0185922  -172.134  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y614            -1.6969616  0.0134171  -126.478  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y615            -0.2833406  0.0127289   -22.260  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y616            -4.0042990  0.0218078  -183.618  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y632            -1.8603640  0.0152502  -121.989  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y633            -2.2430737  0.0141576  -158.436  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y634            -4.5412251  0.0227743  -199.401  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y635            -2.0541678  0.0133326  -154.071  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y637            -2.8494411  0.0162676  -175.160  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y653            -3.1297898  0.0157720  -198.439  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y656            -5.1667629  0.0296318  -174.366  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y670            -1.2411032  0.0143829   -86.290  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y672            -4.7645750  0.0243338  -195.801  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y673            -2.0101456  0.0133786  -150.251  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y688            -0.9625498  0.0150276   -64.052  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y689            -2.8680568  0.0177696  -161.403  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y690            -4.5498764  0.0238644  -190.655  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y691            -1.3841937  0.0129591  -106.812  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y692            -2.9403596  0.0155541  -189.040  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y694            -2.6016356  0.0142876  -182.091  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y699            -3.5401353  0.0370830   -95.465  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y709            -4.2273390  0.0234149  -180.541  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y710            -2.4331868  0.0136409  -178.375  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y711            -2.3782349  0.0134547  -176.759  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y712            -2.8972211  0.0157391  -184.078  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y713            -4.3531176  0.0187599  -232.043  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y714            -4.7265819  0.0209443  -225.674  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y726            -2.2441466  0.0186099  -120.589  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y727            -1.7584470  0.0141560  -124.219  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y728            -0.6618545  0.0128269   -51.599  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y729            -2.6101659  0.0137764  -189.467  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y730            -2.5529733  0.0143219  -178.257  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y731            -4.2723576  0.0233424  -183.030  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y732            -2.7961714  0.0136562  -204.754  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y733            -3.2272883  0.0152459  -211.682  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y737            -2.5335111  0.0232703  -108.873  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y745            -1.8881443  0.0183446  -102.926  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y747            -2.2688440  0.0138770  -163.497  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y748            -2.5205502  0.0139442  -180.760  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y749            -2.3376828  0.0134086  -174.342  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y750            -2.9443759  0.0149417  -197.057  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y751            -4.1932378  0.0178468  -234.958  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y752            -0.8221211  0.0128322   -64.067  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y753            -1.2057263  0.0132155   -91.236  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y756            -3.0384421  0.0233210  -130.288  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y763            -2.2457003  0.0218330  -102.858  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y765            -2.2479953  0.0142763  -157.463  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y766            -1.4491790  0.0132458  -109.406  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y767            -2.7135369  0.0139745  -194.178  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y768            -3.4553223  0.0149529  -231.080  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y769            -2.6958361  0.0137673  -195.815  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y77             -0.6920544  0.0372278   -18.590  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y770            -3.0645093  0.0139575  -219.560  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y771            -3.3300486  0.0151226  -220.203  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y772            -2.1167659  0.0151052  -140.135  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y773            -2.3418706  0.0189792  -123.391  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y774            -3.2899781  0.0233480  -140.911  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y775            -3.9600318  0.0338967  -116.826  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y78             -4.3026340  0.0890668   -48.308  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y783            -1.5502632  0.0160269   -96.729  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y784            -0.9540505  0.0133048   -71.707  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y785            -1.3347247  0.0135299   -98.650  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y786            -0.5665061  0.0135294   -41.872  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y787            -0.9915197  0.0128355   -77.248  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y788            -1.0612702  0.0131375   -80.782  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y789            -2.5797822  0.0136910  -188.429  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y79             -1.2768857  0.0213146   -59.907  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y790            -3.0649284  0.0148442  -206.474  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y791            -4.4200742  0.0182810  -241.785  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y792            -3.8630691  0.0309565  -124.790  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y793            -3.5646512  0.0229246  -155.494  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y794            -2.7157058  0.0191288  -141.969  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y80             -2.1121064  0.0261682   -80.713  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y802            -2.1802125  0.0150061  -145.288  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y803            -3.5172699  0.0184047  -191.107  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y804            -2.9185350  0.0179141  -162.918  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y805            -1.8552224  0.0133991  -138.459  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y806            -3.4759187  0.0190692  -182.279  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y808            -2.2281535  0.0132906  -167.649  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y809            -3.9018669  0.0171209  -227.900  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y81             -4.2873980  0.5005029    -8.566  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y810            -2.6762934  0.0156525  -170.981  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y811            -4.8860256  0.0325215  -150.240  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y812            -4.8741268  0.0300175  -162.376  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y813            -2.7265186  0.0191066  -142.700  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y821            -1.3763280  0.0163309   -84.278  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y822            -2.3654736  0.0140462  -168.407  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y823            -3.3613237  0.0171866  -195.579  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y824            -1.0827659  0.0131378   -82.416  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y825            -2.7735651  0.0143815  -192.857  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y828            -2.8094221  0.0138805  -202.400  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y830            -1.4191682  0.0137362  -103.316  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y831            -5.8299758  0.0418521  -139.300  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y832            -3.9583337  0.0192877  -205.226  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y839            -3.3095689  0.0211745  -156.300  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y840            -2.3965022  0.0142744  -167.888  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y841            -1.2108861  0.0130353   -92.893  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y842            -2.7336522  0.0161215  -169.566  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y843            -4.5133519  0.0273612  -164.954  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y844            -2.3707860  0.0145903  -162.491  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y845            -2.8626459  0.0149080  -192.021  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y846            -0.7577497  0.0127903   -59.244  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y849            -6.9693260  0.1746076   -39.914  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y850            -0.4508094  0.0130821   -34.460  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y851            -4.4034809  0.0225216  -195.522  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y858            -2.9811519  0.0190938  -156.132  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y859            -1.0356418  0.0134618   -76.932  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y860            -0.2320924  0.0127987   -18.134  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y861            -1.8580781  0.0146793  -126.578  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y862            -2.3155462  0.0151661  -152.679  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y863            -4.3058752  0.0211628  -203.465  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y864            -1.4328582  0.0132538  -108.110  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y865            -3.4410679  0.0155003  -222.000  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y866            -3.2619870  0.0151977  -214.636  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y868            -3.0650863  0.0256184  -119.644  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y870            -3.3510289  0.0174260  -192.300  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y871            -1.1747735  0.0135654   -86.601  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y877            -1.6514353  0.0139500  -118.383  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y878            -1.6304341  0.0133010  -122.580  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y879            -2.4112047  0.0143069  -168.534  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y881            -2.8266624  0.0162550  -173.895  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y882            -4.0728015  0.0203368  -200.267  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y883            -3.5271949  0.0167586  -210.470  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y884            -3.0372386  0.0141039  -215.348  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y885            -3.4156109  0.0165900  -205.883  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y889            -3.9190103  0.0165848  -236.301  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y896            -1.5511651  0.0142089  -109.169  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y897            -1.4431048  0.0136083  -106.046  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y898            -3.1180311  0.0157072  -198.509  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y899            -3.0900952  0.0167583  -184.392  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y900            -2.4244213  0.0147744  -164.096  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y901            -3.0448364  0.0164854  -184.699  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y902            -2.9105777  0.0182214  -159.734  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y903            -2.4437751  0.0138823  -176.035  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y904            -3.5293847  0.0159415  -221.396  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y906            -2.5788715  0.0199764  -129.096  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y908            -1.0817077  0.0130202   -83.079  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y909            -2.3203280  0.0135703  -170.986  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y914            -2.1241488  0.0173034  -122.759  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y915            -0.6406985  0.0138787   -46.164  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y916            -2.0571433  0.0146236  -140.673  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y917            -3.6759917  0.0201216  -182.689  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y918            -0.9525821  0.0132071   -72.126  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y919            -0.9342328  0.0130806   -71.421  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y921            -3.3671201  0.0174197  -193.294  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y922            -2.3868793  0.0138348  -172.527  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y926            -3.4115223  0.0181203  -188.270  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y927            -2.5329749  0.0141654  -178.814  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y928            -6.7034577  0.0603054  -111.158  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y934            -1.4832633  0.0142109  -104.375  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y935            -0.9781746  0.0133166   -73.455  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y936            -1.1491791  0.0133918   -85.812  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y937            -0.7010180  0.0131009   -53.509  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y938            -2.0482426  0.0138794  -147.575  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y944            -1.8113968  0.0166212  -108.981  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y946            -2.5516794  0.0138715  -183.951  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y947            -2.3189296  0.0138694  -167.197  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y952            -0.6382488  0.0133984   -47.636  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y953            -1.0149471  0.0134652   -75.375  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y954            -2.2256882  0.0148523  -149.855  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y955            -2.7616906  0.0166136  -166.230  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y963            -5.1888206  0.0880243   -58.948  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y965            -1.5970865  0.0132431  -120.598  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y966            -1.0714999  0.0135068   -79.331  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y971            -2.7621288  0.0184011  -150.107  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y972            -1.1321142  0.0138858   -81.531  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y973            -1.9314361  0.0142121  -135.901  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y974            -2.7736959  0.0161227  -172.037  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y976            -1.6269804  0.0137825  -118.047  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y98             -1.8329824  0.0281085   -65.211  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y982            -3.4664296  0.0576136   -60.167  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y984            -2.3862643  0.0139985  -170.466  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y985            -2.0781010  0.0137473  -151.165  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y989            -4.2669608  0.0497801   -85.716  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y99             -4.2716967  0.1012969   -42.170  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y990            -1.8547928  0.0184186  -100.702  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y991            -1.6258490  0.0195327   -83.237  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y992            -0.9163499  0.0132103   -69.366  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y993            -3.6608946  0.0249540  -146.706  < 2e-16 ***
FID.y994            -2.2861999  0.0146667  -155.877  < 2e-16 ***
log(RETAIL_COUNT)           NA         NA        NA       NA    
log(BUSINESS_COUNT)         NA         NA        NA       NA    
log(HDB_COUNT)              NA         NA        NA       NA    
log(TRAIN_COUNT)            NA         NA        NA       NA    
log(BUS_STOP_COUNT)         NA         NA        NA       NA    
log(dist)           -1.6068374  0.0002908 -5526.512  < 2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

(Dispersion parameter for poisson family taken to be 1)

    Null deviance: 97811051  on 65110  degrees of freedom
Residual deviance: 24712740  on 63482  degrees of freedom
AIC: 25074277

Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 7

Goodness of Fit

CalcRSquared(dbcSIM_Poisson$data$MORNING_PEAK,
             dbcSIM_Poisson$fitted.values)
[1] 0.5745437

Model comparison

create a model_list to store all the previous 4 models

model_list <- list(
  Unconstrained= uncSIM,
  Origin_Constrained = orcSIM,
  Destination_Constrained = decSIM,
  Doubly_Constrained = dbcSIM_Poisson)

we will compute the RMSE of all the models in model_list file

compare_performance(model_list,
                    metrics = "RMSE")
# Comparison of Model Performance Indices

Name                    | Model |     RMSE
------------------------------------------
Unconstrained           |   glm | 1624.851
Origin_Constrained      |   glm | 1412.645
Destination_Constrained |   glm | 1495.028
Doubly_Constrained      |   glm | 1175.662

The print above reveals that doubly constrained SIM is the best model among the 4 SIMs because it has the smallest RMSE value.

Visualising fitted values

extract the fitted values from Origin-constrained Model by using the code chunk below.

df <- as.data.frame(orcSIM$fitted.values) %>%
  round(digits = 0)

append the fitted values into inter_zonal_flow data frame by using the code chunk below.

inter_zonal_flow <- inter_zonal_flow %>%
  cbind(df) %>%
  rename(orcTRIPS = "orcSIM$fitted.values")

do the same for dbcSIM_Poisson

df1 <- as.data.frame(dbcSIM_Poisson$fitted.values) %>%
  round(digits = 0)

inter_zonal_flow <- inter_zonal_flow %>%
  cbind(df1) %>%
  rename(dbcTRIPS = "dbcSIM_Poisson$fitted.values")

do the same for uncSIM

df2 <- as.data.frame(uncSIM$fitted.values) %>%
  round(digits = 0)

inter_zonal_flow <- inter_zonal_flow %>%
  cbind(df2) %>%
  rename(uncTRIPS = "uncSIM$fitted.values")

do the same for decSIM

df3 <- as.data.frame(decSIM$fitted.values) %>%
  round(digits = 0)

inter_zonal_flow <- inter_zonal_flow %>%
  cbind(df3) %>%
  rename(decTRIPS = "decSIM$fitted.values")

Plot 4 scatterplots by using geom_point() and other appropriate functions of ggplot2 package

orc_p <- ggplot(data = inter_zonal_flow,
                aes(x = orcTRIPS,
                    y = MORNING_PEAK)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = lm) +
  coord_cartesian(xlim=c(0,100000),
                  ylim=c(0,100000))

dbc_p <- ggplot(data = inter_zonal_flow,
                aes(x = dbcTRIPS,
                    y = MORNING_PEAK)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = lm) +
  coord_cartesian(xlim=c(0,100000),
                  ylim=c(0,100000))


unc_p <- ggplot(data = inter_zonal_flow,
                aes(x = uncTRIPS,
                    y = MORNING_PEAK)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = lm) +
  coord_cartesian(xlim=c(0,100000),
                  ylim=c(0,100000))


dec_p <- ggplot(data = inter_zonal_flow,
                aes(x = decTRIPS,
                    y = MORNING_PEAK)) +
  geom_point() +
  geom_smooth(method = lm) +
  coord_cartesian(xlim=c(0,100000),
                  ylim=c(0,100000))
ggarrange(unc_p, orc_p, dec_p, dbc_p,
          ncol = 2,
          nrow = 2)
`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'
`geom_smooth()` using formula = 'y ~ x'

Modelling Results

In conclusion, the comparative analysis of the four Spatial Interaction Models (SIMs) – Unconstrained, Origin Constrained, Destination Constrained, and Doubly Constrained – revealed that the Doubly Constrained Model is the most effective for our study on morning peak public transport flows. This model stood out with the highest goodness of fit and the lowest RMSE value, indicating its superior accuracy and predictive capability. It adeptly accounted for the limitations and capacities at both the origins and destinations, capturing the complex dynamics of urban transportation more holistically than the other models.

From unconstrained model we can see the significance of variables:

log(RETAIL_COUNT) (0.06166) - an increase in the log of retail count is associated with an increase in MORNING_PEAK traffic. The positive coefficient suggests that areas with more retail outlets tend to experience slightly higher commuter traffic during the morning peak.

log(BUSINESS_COUNT) (-0.02176) - an increase in the number of businesses is associated with a slight decrease in MORNING_PEAK traffic. This could imply that areas with a higher concentration of businesses might see slightly less bus traffic, possibly due to commuters change to MRT or cab or other private transport.

log(HDB_COUNT) (0.11907) - a higher count of HDB residences, when log-transformed, are likely to experience higher morning peak traffic. This aligns with the expectation that more residential units contribute to higher public transport usage.

log(TRAIN_COUNT) (0.49000) - a higher log of train station exit count significantly increases MORNING_PEAK traffic. This substantial positive coefficient indicates a strong relationship between the availability of train exits and bus commuter traffic, underscoring the importance of train-to-bus connectivity.

log(BUS_STOP_COUNT) (0.20603) - Similar to retail and HDB counts, a higher log of bus stop count leads to an increase in MORNING_PEAK traffic. This positive coefficient highlights the role of bus stop density in influencing commuter flows.

log(dist) (-1.45718) - an increase in the log-transformed distance significantly decreases MORNING_PEAK traffic. The strong negative value indicates that as distance increases, the likelihood of using bus services during peak hours decreases, possibly due to commuters opting for faster modes of transport for longer distances.

Conclusion

In this report, we conducted a thorough analysis of urban mobility, with a particular focus on the dynamics of Singapore’s public bus commuter flows during weekday morning peak hours. Leveraging the capabilities of advanced Spatial Interaction Models (SIMs), our objective was to unravel the intricate aspects of public transportation and identify the key factors that shape commuter behavior and transit usage.

Our findings from the analysis illuminate the primary influences on morning peak bus traffic. Notably, the accessibility of train stations, the density of residential areas (as indicated by HDB counts), and the abundance of bus stops emerged as significant positive drivers of bus commuter flow. These factors underscore the critical interplay between public transport modes and urban residential patterns in shaping commuter preferences. Conversely, an increased business count and greater commuting distances were found to negatively impact bus traffic, suggesting a preference for alternative transport modes or routes under such conditions.